Exosomes: Fighting Cancer With Cancer

Abstract

Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by many cells, including cancer cells. Extensive research has been carried out to validate potential applications of exosomes and to evaluate their efficiency in a wide range of diseases, including cancer. The current knowledge on the origin, biogenesis and composition of exosomes is described. This review then focuses on the use of exosomes in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.

Keywords:

• angiogenesis
• cancer
• diagnostic
• exosomes
• immune system
• immunosuppression
• miRNA
• nucleic acid
• progression
• therapeutic

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Erratum

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Ethical conduct of research

For studies involving data relating to human or animal experimental investigations, the authors should obtain appropriate institutional review board approval and state this within the article (for those investigators who do not have formal ethics review committees, the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki should be followed). In addition, for investigations involving human subjects, the authors should obtain informed consent from the participants involved and include an explanation of how this was obtained in the manuscript. The authors state that they have obtained appropriate institutional review board approval or have followed the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki for all human or animal experimental investigations. In addition, for investigations involving human subjects, informed consent has been obtained from the participants involved.

Author contributions

All authors contributed equally to (a) substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; (b) drafting the work; and (c) final approval of the version to be published; and (d) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.