Targeting the orexinergic system: Mainly but not only for sleep-wakefulness therapies

Peer review under responsibility of Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine.

Available online 20 August 2014

Figures & data

Table 1 Mechanisms and effects in which the orexinergic system has been shown, or hypothesized, to play roles.

Mechanisms/effects	References
Regulation of appetite and stress response	^Citation24–Citation26
Respiratory effects	^Citation27–Citation29
Addiction	^Citation11,Citation25,Citation26,Citation30–Citation38
Behavioral changes associated with cocaine administration	^Citation39
Analgesia	^Citation11,^Citation40
Food intake regulation	^Citation23,^Citation41
Central regulation of feeding (of blind cavefish)	^Citation42
Regulation of glucose metabolism	^Citation43,^Citation44
Energy balance regulation	^Citation45,^Citation46
Insulin secretion regulation	^Citation44
Variability in diet-induced obesity sensitivity	^Citation47
Proliferation and viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes	^Citation48
Body temperature regulation	^Citation46,^Citation49
Neuroendocrine function	^Citation6,49,^Citation50
Pituitary hormone secretion	^Citation51
Cardiovascular activities	^Citation49,Citation52–Citation54
Post-ischemic attenuation of inflammatory responses (neuroprotection)	^Citation55
Prevention of cerebral ischemic neuronal damage (neuroprotection)	^Citation43
Reproduction	^Citation56–Citation62
Motor activity	^Citation50,^Citation54
Migraine	^Citation63
Arousal states	^Citation45,64,^Citation65
Narcolepsy and cataplexy	^Citation45,Citation64–Citation68
Major depression	^Citation69
Epileptic activity	^Citation40

Figure 1 Some possible consequences of targeting orexin receptors in insomnia.