Chronic pain in hemodialysis patients: Role of bone mineral metabolism

Peer review under responsibility of Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine.

Available online 31 December 2015

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and laboratory values of studied HD groups.

Variable	Group I Pain free (n = 48)	Group II Complaining from pain (n = 52)	t	P
Age (year) X ± SD	42.12 ± 10.32	42.06 ± 10.26	0. 02	NS
Gender (%)
Male	25	28	0.59	NS
Female	23	24
BMI (kg/m^2) X ± SD	19.95 ± 1.84	19.35 ± 1.49	1.79	NS
Duration (years) X ± SD	5.11 ± 2.16	4.97 ± 1.82	0.34	NS
CRP (mg/dl) X ± SD	3.37 ± 1.40	8.13 ± 2.75	10.89	<0.001
Hb (Gm/dl) X ± SD	10.60 ± 0.79	10.58 ± 0.76	0.11	NS
Uric acid (mg/dl) X ± SD	5.73 ± 1.32	5.96 ± 1.33	0.86	NS
Kt/V X ± SD	1.33 ± 0.22	1.41 ± 0.27	0.56	NS
Na+2 (mEq/l) X ± SD	137.6 ± 7.23	138.4 ± 6.73	0.57	NS
K+ (mEq/l) X ± SD	4.61 ± 0.57	4.79 ± 0.52	4.41	NS
SGA X ± SD	8.84 ± 2.24	18.22 ± 8.48	7.55	<0.001
Albumin (g/dl) X ± SD	3.61 ± 0.64	3.51 ± 0.68	0.02	NS
ALT Mg/dl X ± SD	30 ± 7.88	31.3 ± 6.98	4.41	NS
AST Mg/dl X ± SD	29 ± 6.98	30.9 ± 6.97	4.13	NS
LDL Mg/dl X ± SD	108.3 ± 13.15	116 ± 14.35	2.79	<0.05
HDL mg/dL X ± SD	45 ± 2.97	36.78 ± 4.25	11.21	<0.001
TG mg/dL X ± SD	195.9 ± 24.55	262.9 ± 45.18	9.21	<0.001

BMI: body mass index, CRP: C-reactive protein, Hb: hemoglobin, Cr: Creatinine, Na: Sodium, K: potassium, SGA: modified subjective global assessment, ALT: alanine transaminase, AST: aspartate transaminase, LDL: low-density lipoprotein, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, TG: triglyceride.

Table 2 Bone minerals in both groups.

Variable	Group I Pain free (n = 48)	Group II Complaining from pain (n = 52)	t	P
Ca (mg/dl) X ± SD	9.99 ± .34	7.77 ± .45	−9.73	<0.001
Ph (mg/dl) X ± SD	5.41 ± .65	5.42 ± .63	.11	NS
PTH (pg/ml) X ± SD	219 ± 68	775 ± 270	14.09	<0.001
OHD3 (nmol/L) X ± SD	73.34 ± 23.18	40.3 ± 13.48	−6.03	<0.001

NS: non-significant p > 0.05, Ca: Calcium, Ph: phosphorus, PTH: parathyroid hormones, OHD3: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.

Table 3 Comparison of pain grades in relation to socio-demographic characteristics and clinical Parameters of group II complaining from pain.

Variable	Pain grades			F	P value
	Grade 2 (n = 26)	Grade 3 (n = 14)	Grade 4 (n = 12)
Age (year) X ± SD	36.11 ± 8.59	45.42 ± 8.5	52.8 ± 3.93	17.9	0.001
BMI (kg/m^2) X ± SD	19.9 ± 1.1	19.42 ± 1.59	17.8 ± 1.22	9.78	0.001
Duration (years) X ± SD	4.0 ± 1.13	4.96 ± 1.56	7.5 ± 1.08	28.0	0.001
Hb (Gm/dl) X ± SD	10.82 ± 0.79	10.26 ± 0.708	10.42 ± 0.594	2.91	0.06
Ca (mg/dl) X ± SD	7.71 ± 0.45	7.77 ± 0.45	7.93 ± 0.47	0.76	0.47
Ph (mg/dl) X ± SD	5.40 ± 0.57	5.53 ± 0.78	5.33 ± 0.61	0.32	0.72
iPTH (pg/ml) X ± SD	744.23 ± 218.2	655.0 ± 234.5	1024 ± 305.14	7.24	0.001
OHD3 (nmol/L) X ± SD	42.88 ± 23.54	37.86 ± 30.55	37.5 ± 24.3	0.2	0.7
Albumin (g/dl) X ± SD	3.87 ± 0.38	3.39 ± 0.83	2.7 ± 0.25	16.94	0.001
ALT (mg/dl) X ± SD	35.76 ± 5.77	36.42 ± 8.41	37.5 ± 8.24	0.21	0.81
AST (mg/dl) X ± SD	30.38 ± 6.31	30.71 ± 7.55	32.5 ± 8.24	0.33	0.72
Uric acid (mg/dl) X ± SD	9.12 ± 1.64	6.46 ± 1.43	6.25 ± 1.39	2.45	0.09

NS: non-significant p > 0.05, Hb: hemoglobin, Ca: calcium, Ph: Phosphorus, iPTH: intact parathyroid hormones, OHD3: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase.