Antimicrobial activity of some actinomycetes from Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India

Peer review under responsibility of Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine.

Available online 4 April 2016

Figures & data

Figure 1 Preliminary screening of active isolates of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20) using cross streak method against different bacterial pathogens.

Table 1 Preliminary screening of active isolates of actinomycetes using cross streak method against different microbial pathogens.

Pathogens	Active strains
	FMS-20	TGH-30	TGH-31	TGH-31-1	IS-4
S. aureus (MTCC-96)	+++	+++	+++	+	+++
M. luteus (MTCC-106)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
E. faecalis (MTCC-439)	+++	+++	+	+++	+++
B. subtilis (MTCC-449)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
S. epidermidis (MTCC-3615)	+++	+++	+++	+++	−
K. pneumonia (MTCC-109)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
E. aerogenes (MTCC-111)	+++	++	+++	−	++
V. parahaemolyticus (MTCC-451)	+++	+++	++	+++	+++
Y. enterocolitica (MTCC-840)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
S. cerevisiae (MTCC-251)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
S. flexneri (MTCC-1457)	+++	+++	++	+++	+
P. vulgaris (MTCC-1771)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
P. mendocina (MTCC-11808)	+++	+	+++	+++	+
C. albicans (MTCC-4748)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
C. krusei (MTCC-9215)	+++	+++	++	+++	+++
C. parapsilosis (MTCC-1965)	+++	+++	+++	+++	++
C. tropicalis (MTCC-4370)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
T. mentagrophytes (MTCC-8476)	+++	+	−	+++	+++
Scopulariopsis sp. (MTCC-3553)	+++	+++	+++	+++	++
A. niger (MTCC-10180)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
B. cinerea (MTCC-2880)	+++	+++	+++	+	+++
E. floccosum (MTCC-613)	+++	+	+++	+++	+++
A. tubingenis (MTCC-1344)	+++	+++	+	+++	−
A. brasiliensis (MTCC-961)	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++

+++: Good activity; ++: Moderate activity; +: Weak activity; −: No activity.

Figure 2 Morphological analysis of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20) in YPG medium.

Table 2 Morphological characterization of the active isolates of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Medium	Characters
	Aerial mycelium	Substrate mycelium	Soluble pigment	Colony margin	Growth	Gram stain
ISP-2	Brown	Yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+
ISP-4	Brown	White	–	Filaments	+++	+
ISP-6	Brown	Yellow	Brown	Filaments	+++	+
ISP-7	–	–	–	–	−	−
YPG	Brown	Golden yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+
MNGA	Brownish yellow	Yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+
M3	Slimy yellow	Yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+
AIA	Brown	Brown	–	Filaments	+++	+
SCA	Brown	Yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+
BENNET	Brown	Yellow	–	Filaments	+++	+

+++: Good growth; −: no soluble pigment, Gram stain; +: positive; −: negative.

Table 3 Biochemical characterization of the active isolates of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Test	+ve/−ve
Indole	−
Voges-Proskauer test	−
Citrate test	−
Lysine test	−
Ornithine test	−
Arginine test	−
Nitrate test	+
Malonate test	−
Urease test	−
Phenylalanine-deamination test	−
H2S production test	−
ONPG test	−
Glucose	+
Mannitol	+
Xylose	+
Inositol	+
Sorbitol	−
Rhamnose	−
Sucrose	−
Lactose	−
Arabinose	−
Adonitol	−
Raffinose	−
Salicin	−

+: Positive; −: negative.

Figure 3 Antimicrobial activity of extracellular ethylacetate crude extract of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20) against B. subtilis (MTCC-441).

Figure 4 Antimicrobial activity of intracellular methanol crude extract of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20) against T. mentagrophytes (MTCC-8476).

Table 4 Antimicrobial activities (in mm) of extracellular ethyl acetate crude extract of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Pathogens	Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20)
	Control	1.5 mg/disc	2.50 mg/disc	5.0 mg/disc
S. aureus (MTCC-96)	11	16	18	21
M. luteus (MTCC-106)	14	13	15	17
E. faecalis (MTCC-439)	10	11	13	17
B. subtilis (MTCC-449)	19	18	22	25
S. epidermidis (MTCC-3615)	0	10	12	14
K. pneumonia (MTCC-109)	11	14	16	18
E. aerogenes (MTCC-111)	10	12	14	16
V. parahaemolyticus (MTCC-451)	18	16	18	21
Y. enterocolitica (MTCC-840)	16	19	20	24
S. cerevisiae (MTCC-251)	18	11	12	14
S. flexneri (MTCC-1457)	10	11	12	13
P. vulgaris (MTCC-1771)	13	14	16	18
P. mendocina (MTCC-11808)	16	11	12	15
C. albicans (MTCC-4748)	13	15	17	19
C. krusei (MTCC-9215)	0	14	18	21
C. parapsilosis (MTCC-1965)	12	15	16	18
C. tropicalis (MTCC-4370)	14	10	17	20
T. mentagrophytes (MTCC-8476)	13	0	0	0
Scopulariopsis sp. (MTCC-3553)	20	0	0	0
A. niger (MTCC-10180)	14	0	0	0
B. cinerea (MTCC-2880)	23	0	0	0
E. floccosum (MTCC-613)	20	0	0	0
A. tubingenis (MTCC-1344)	25	0	0	0
A. brasiliensis (MTCC-961)	15	0	0	0

Table 5 Antimicrobial activities (in mm) of intracellular methanol crude extract of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Pathogens	Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20)
	Control	1.5 mg/disc	2.50 mg/disc	5.0 mg/disc
S. aureus (MTCC-96)	12	0	0	0
M. luteus (MTCC-106)	14	0	0	0
E. faecalis (MTCC-439)	10	0	0	0
B. subtilis (MTCC-449)	20	0	0	0
S. epidermidis (MTCC-3615)	0	0	0	0
K. pneumonia (MTCC-109)	11	0	0	0
E. aerogenes (MTCC-111)	10	0	0	0
V. parahaemolyticus (MTCC-451)	20	0	0	0
Y. enterocolitica (MTCC-840)	16	0	0	0
S. cerevisiae (MTCC-251)	17	0	0	0
S. flexneri (MTCC-1457)	12	0	0	0
P. vulgaris (MTCC-1771)	18	0	0	0
P. mendocina (MTCC-11808)	15	0	0	0
C. albicans (MTCC-4748)	13	0	0	0
C. krusei (MTCC-9215)	0	0	0	0
C. parapsilosis (MTCC-1965)	12	0	0	0
C. tropicalis (MTCC-4370)	14	0	0	0
T. mentagrophytes (MTCC-8476)	12	16	17	19
Scopulariopsis sp. (MTCC-3553)	24	10	13	15
A. niger (MTCC-10180)	0	14	16	20
B. cinerea (MTCC-2880)	24	10	11	13
E. floccosum (MTCC-613)	24	10	13	14
A. tubingenis (MTCC-1344)	25	12	14	18
A. brasiliensis (MTCC-961)	18	17	19	22

Figure 5 Phylogenetic tree indicating the taxonomic position of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Figure 6 Restriction sites on the 16S rRNA sequence of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).

Figure 7 Secondary structure of 16S rRNA sequence of Streptomyces rimosus (FMS-20).