Relationship between body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio and erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease in a tertiary centre in Nigeria: A case control study

Peer review under responsibility of Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine.

Available online 30 November 2018

Figures & data

Table1 Baseline characteristics of patients and controls.

Participants	Variables	Cases	Controls	X^2	P value
	Age group (yrs)	No (%)	No (%)
All patients	21–40	16 (43.2)	21 (56.8)	0.886	0.642^*
	41–60	46 (52.2)	42 (47.7)
	>60	18 (51.4)	17 (48.6)
Males	21–40	8 (42.1)	11 (57.9)	1.886	0.389^*
	41–60	13 (61.9)	8 (38.1)
	>60	8 (44.4)	10 (55.6)
Females	21–40	8 (44.4)	10 (55.6)	1.008	0.604^*
	41–60	33 (49.3)	34 (50.7)
	>60	10 (58.8)	7 (41.2)
BMI kg/m^2	<18.5	4 (50)	4 (50)	10.166	0.071^*
	16.5–24.9	23 (37.1)	39 (62.9)
	25–29.9	27 (51.9)	25 (48.1)
	30–34.9	16 (64)	9 (36)
	35–39.9	9 (75)	3 (25)
	>40	1 (100)
Occupation	Civil servants	36 (51.4)	38 (46.6)	14.606	0.002^*
	Artisans	5 (23.8)	16 (76.2)
	Traders	26 (74.3)	9 (25.7)
	Unemployed	13 (56.7)	17 (43.3)

* Pearson’s Chi Square.

Table 2 Grades of GERD, WC, WHR and BMI of patients group.

Variables	GERD	GRADES
	Grade A N (%)	Grade B N (%)	Grade C N (%)	Grade D N (%)	X^2	P value
Males (29)
BMI < 30 kg/m^2	13 (44.8)	8 (27.6)	4 (13.8)	4 (13.8)
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2	0	0	0	0
WHR < 0.9	2 (40)	2 (40)	1 (20)	0	2.004	0.572^**
WHR ≥ 0.9	11 (45.8)	6 (25)	3 (12.5)	4 (16.7)
WC < 102 cm	11 (44)	6 (24)	4 (16)	4 (16)	3.109	0.375^*
WC ≥ 102 cm	2 (50)	2 (50)	0	0
Females (51)
BMI < 30Kg/m^2	9 (36)	5 (20)	5 (20)	6 (24)	1.350	0.717^*
BMI ≥ 30Kg/m^2	6 (23.1)	5 (19.2)	8 (30.7)	7 (26.9)
WHR < 0.85	4 (50)	2 (25)	0	2 (25)	5.496	0.139^*
WHR ≥ 0.85	12 (27.9)	8 (18.6)	13 (30.2)	10 (23.3)
WC < 88 cm	3 (27.2)	3 (27.2)	1 (9.1)	4 (36.4)	3.195	0.363^*
WC ≥ 88 cm	13 (32.5)	7 (17.5)	12 (30)	8 (20)

* Pearson’s Chi Square.

** Likelihood ratio.

Table 3 BMI, WC, WHR and SEX of cases and controls.

Variables	Cases	Controls	X^2	P value
	No (%)	No (%)
Males (29)
BMI < 30 kg/m^2	29 (52.7)	26 (47.3)		0.237^**
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2	0	3 (100)
WHR < 0.9	5 (35.7)	9 (64.3)	1.506	0.220^*
WHR ≥ 0.9	24 (54.5)	20 (45.5)
WC < 102 cm	25 (50)	25 (50)		1.000^**
WC ≥ 102 cm	4 (50)	4 (50)
Females (51)
BMI < 30 kg/m^2	25 (37.3)	42 (62.7)	12.124	0.0001^*
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2	26 (74.3)	9 (25.7)
WHR < 0.85	8 (33.3)	16 (66.7)	3.487	0.062^*
WHR ≥ 0.85	43 (55.1)	35 (43.7)
WC < 88 cm	11 (51.2)	22 (44.9)	5.420	0.020^*
WC ≥ 88 cm	40 (58)	29 (42.0)

* Pearson’s Chi square.

** Fischer’s exact test.

Table 4 Mean values of anthropometric indices of Cases and controls.

Variables	Cases	Controls	T test	P value
Males (29)
Mean BMI kg/m^2	24.2 ± 3.7	23.7 ± 4.1	−0.554	0.582
Mean WC	85.8 ± 15.9	86.7 ± 13.6	−0.306	0.819
Mean WHR	0.97 ± 0.14	0.93 ± 0.07	−0.567	0.206
Mean Hip Circ^**	88.94 ± 16.22	92.02 ± 10.34	0.860	0.394
Females (51)
Mean BMI	29.45 ± 6.21	25.93 ± 5.22	−0.3096	0.003^*
Mean WC	96.83 ± 12.92	89.12 ± 12.47	−3.068	0.003^*
Mean WHR	0.90 ± 0.078	0.89 ± 0.11	−0.567	0.572
Mean Hip circ^**	107.16 ± 11.88	99.61 ± 12.27	−3.158	0.002^*

Keys:

* Statistically significant.

** Mean hip circ = Mean hip circumference.