Extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: A prospective 2-year single-surgeon experience with 171 cases

Figures & data

Table 1 The preoperative characteristics and peri-operative variables in the 171 patients.

Variable	Mean (SD) or n (%)
Age (years)	62.9 (6.5)
PSA (ng/mL)	8.2 (4.3)
Gleason score
5 (3 + 2)	1 (0.6)
6 (3 + 3)	115 (67.3)
7 (3 + 4)	37 (21.6)
7 (4 + 3)	17 (9.9)
8 (4 + 4)	1 (0.6)
Prostate volume (mL)	52.4 (20.9)
Body weight (kg)	78.2 (11.7)
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	26.2 (4.4)
Operative duration (min)	112.7 (19.4)
Blood loss (mL)	372.1 (219.1)
Nerve sparing	122 (71.3)
Yes	48 (28.7)
No	118 (96.7)
Unilateral	4 (3.3)
Bilateral	99 (81.1)
Perfect^∗	23 (18.9)
Not perfect^∗
Bladder neck preservation	112 (70.8)
Perfect^†	46 (29.2)
Not perfect^†
Pelvic lymph node dissection	31 (18.1)
Conversions	0
Hospital stay (days)	6.8 (2.0)
Duration of catheterisation (days)	6.7 (1.5)

∗ Surgeon’s intraoperative subjective appreciation of the quality of the nerve sparing.

† Surgeon’s intraoperative subjective appreciation of the quality of the bladder neck preservation.

Table 2 Postoperative histological data.

Variable	n (%)
Pathological T stage
pT2a	12 (7.1)
pT2b	13 (7.6)
pT2c	120 (70.6)
pT3a	21 (12.4)
pT3b	4 (2.4)
pT4	0
Pathological N stage
N−	30 (97)
N+	1 (3)
Gleason score
5 (2 + 3)	1 (0.6)
5 (3 + 2)	2 (1.2)
6 (3 + 3)	63 (38.4)
7 (3 + 4)	65 (39.6)
7 (4 + 3)	27 (16.5)
8 (4 + 4)	4 (2.4)
8 (5 + 3)	2 (1.2)

Table 3 The oncological outcomes.

Variable	n
Positive margins
Overall	40
Stratified by nerve-sparing status
Nerve-sparing	26
No nerve-sparing	13
Stratified by staging
pT2	36
pT3	4
Stratified by location
Left apex	17
Right apex	19
Left middle third	6
Right middle third	10
Left base	3
Right base	4
Stratified by Gleason score:
2 + 3	1
3 + 3	6
3 + 4	23
4 + 3	7
4 + 4	1
5 + 3	2
Undetectable PSA at 1 month, overall	6
Biochemical recurrence at 12 months, overall	17
Stratified by nerve-sparing status
Nerve-sparing	4
No nerve-sparing	13

Table 4 The functional outcomes during the follow-up.

	Follow-up, months
Variable, n (%)	1	3	6	12
Continence, overall	95 (63.3)	78 (88.6)	121 (90.3)	117 (92.1)
Bladder neck preservation
Adequate	68 (68.7)	51 (91.1)	49 (92.5)	30 (96.8)
Inadequate	15 (46.8)	17 (85.0)	16 (94.1)	9 (75.0)
Overall potency:
with no pharmacotherapy	13 (8.3)	14 (9.0)	21 (13.5)	29 (18.6)
Nerve-sparing	13 (11.8)	13 (11.8)	20 (18.2)	28 (25.5)
No nerve-sparing	0	1 (2.2)	1 (2.2)	1 (2.2)
including patients on PDE5-I	21 (13.5)	22 (14.1)	34 (21.8)	39 (25.0)
Nerve-sparing	21 (19.1)	21 (19.1)	33 (30.0)	38 (34.5)
No nerve-sparing	0	1 (2.2)	1 (2.2)	1 (2.2)
including patients on PDE5-I and/or PGE2	29 (18.6)	41 (26.3)	61 (39.1)	82 (52.6)
Nerve-sparing	29 (26.4)	39 (35.5)	58 (52.7)	76 (69.1)
No nerve-sparing	0	2 (4.3)	3 (6.5)	6 (13.0)