Quality evaluation of egg composition and productivity of layers in EM (Effective Microorganisms) treatments: A field report

Peer review under responsibility of Mansoura University.

Figures & data

Fig. 1 Preparation of AEM solution.

Table 1 Allometric analysis of AEM and chemical treatments in commercial layers.

Parameters	Egg production (%)^a	Mortality ratio (%)^a	Egg wastage (%)^a	Egg weight (g)	Egg length (mm)	Egg width (mm)	Egg shell thickness (mm)	Egg shell weight (g)	Egg albumin weight (g)	Egg yolk weight (g)	Yolk index	Haugh unit (HU)
Group 1	82.81	3.86	38.31	60.4 ± 2.60	55.40 ± 0.60	45.79 ± 0.92	1.41 ± 0.004	6.1 ± 0.29	34.09 ± 2.27	15.02 ± 2.72	0.47 ± 0.03	91.67 ± 3.90
Group 2	82.92	2.48	37.09	61 ± 4.51	54.10 ± 0.51	46.10 ± 0.27	1.39 ± 0.120	5.8 ± 0.90	35.08 ± 2.07	15.83 ± 4.09	0.48 ± 0.92	92.86 ± 3.76
Group 3	83.20	2.59	37.545	61.6 ± 5.83	55.8 ± 0.83	46.01 ± 0.61	1.44 ± 0.004	6.2 ± 1.01	35.03 ± 3.91	15.95 ± 2.93	0.52 ± 0.93	92.91 ± 3.09

^a Values are average of three months data.

Table 2 Mineral content, biochemical composition and fatty acid analysis of AEM and chemical treatments in commercial layers.

S. no	Test parameters (mg/100 gms)	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3
1.	Calcium	44.5 ± 0.50	45.5 ± 0.5	64.5 ± 0.50
2.	Phosphorus	124.0 ± 1.00	125.0 ± 5	122.0 ± 2.00
3.	Sodium	15.0 ± 0.00	15.5 ± 0.5	21.0 ± 1.00
4.	Potassium	41.0 ± 1.00	42 ± 2.00	43.0 ± 1.00
5.	Magnesium	02.0 ± 0.00	2.0 ± 0.00	2.5 ± 0.00
6.	Iron	1.05 ± 0.05	1.25 ± 0.05	1.50 ± 0.00
7.	Zinc	0.75 ± 0.05	0.82 ± 0.025	0.95 ± 0.05
8.	Total protein	5.43 ± 0.03	5.51 ± 0.24	6.44 ± 0.06
9.	Total carbohydrate	1.27 ± 0.025	1.40 ± 0.235	1.10 ± 0.025
10.	Total cholesterol	363.00 ± 11.50	355.00 ± 0.03	320.00 ± 20.00
11.	Calories (K.cal)	108.00 ± 2.00	112.50 ± 0.03	127.50 ± 7.5
12.	Total fat	9.3 ± 0.10	9.25 ± 0.98	10.3 ± 0.15
13.	Monounsaturated fat	4.0 ± 0.0	4.24 ± 0.04	5.55 ± 0.05
14.	Polyunsaturated fat	1.42 ± 0.02	3.0 ± 0.00	2.9 ± 0.10
15.	Saturated fat	3.05 ± 0.05	2.50 ± 0.00	2.55 ± 0.05
16.	Trans fat	1.54 ± 0.005	1.01 ± 0.01	0.75 ± 0.05

Table 3 Cost analysis of EM and chemical treatments in commercial layers.

Parameters	Ingredients	Cost of ingredients/ton/L of feed production (in Indian Rupees)	Total grand (in Indian Rupees)
Group 1- layers treated with chemicals	I) Biobandox	62.00/-	110.80/-
	II) BMD	9.80/-
	III) Formaldehyde	39.00/-
Group 2- layers treated with AEM in food masses	AEM solution (5 L of AEM/ton of feed masses)	38.00/-	38.00/-
Group 3- layers treated with AEM in drinking water and food masses	AEM solution (5 L of AEM solution/ton of feed masses + 2 ml of AEM/L of drinking water)	52.50/-	52.50/-