Epidemiological studies on Johne’s disease in ruminants and Crohn’s disease in humans in Egypt

Peer review under responsibility of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.

Figures & data

Table 1 Seroprevalence of MAP in investigated animal species.

Species	Farm code	origin	Breed	Import origin	Nr. of samples	Nr. of MAP ELISA positive	Positive (%)
Cattle	1-F	Fayyum	Holstein	USA	32	11
	2-F	Fayyum	Holstein	USA	4	4	42
	1-I	Ismailia	Holstein	USA	60	52
	2-I	Ismailia	Holstein	USA	9	2	61
	3-I	Ismailia	Holstein	USA	33	8
	1-M	Mansoura	Holstein	USA	8	2	25
	SA	Giza	Bos taurus	Egypt	3	1	66
	1-Mo	Monfia	Holstein	Egypt	35	19	54
	1-G	Gharbia	Bos taurus	Egypt	21	1	5
	1-S	Sharkia	Frisian	USA	28	8	29
					233	108	46.4
Buffaloes	SA	Giza	Bubalus bubalis	Egypt	39	18
	SA	Giza	Bubalus bubalis	Egypt	1	0
	SA	Fayyum	Bubalus bubalis	Egypt	18	8
					58	26	44.8
Sheep	1-A	Cairo (El-Obour)	Rahmani	Egypt	25	17
	SA	Giza (Dairie)	Osseimi	Egypt	22	18
	SA	Giza	Osseimi	Egypt	41	6
					88	41	46.6
Goat	SA	Giza	Nubian	Egypt	56	21	37.5
Total					435	196	45

Table 2 Chi-squared test for assessment of sheep breed as being risk factor of seropositivity for paratuberculosis.

Total	ELISA negative	ELISA positive	Sheep breed
25 (a+b)	8 (b)	17 (a)	Rahmani
63 (c+d)	39 (d)	24 (c)	Osseimi
88 (N)	47 (b+d)	41 (a+c)	Total

(a) ELISA positive Rahmani sheep, (b) ELISA negative Rahmani sheep, (c) ELISA positive Osseimi sheep, (d) ELISA negative Osseimi sheep. (N) Total number of sheep.

Table 3 Classification of human samples and corresponding ASCA and MAP antibodies status.

Origin	Number		Contact with farm animals	Clinical complains	Endoscope	MAP ELISA +ve^c		ASCA ELISA IgA +ve		ASCA ELISA IgG +ve		ASCA +ve for both IgA +IgG
	F^a	M^b				F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M
Cairo	60	62	No	No	No	1	4	3	11	1	6	1
Giza	80		Yes	No	No	7		8		4		2
		60	No	No	No		1		3		2
		14	Yes	No	No
		5^d	Yes	Yes	Positive		2				2		1
Nile delta	30	60	Yes	No	No	3	5			1
Total	170	201				11	12	11	14	6	10	3	1

a F: Female.

b M: male.

c +ve: positive.

d CD patients.

Table 4 Human serum samples: number of ASCA positive, number of MAP ELISA positive and number of both MAP and ASCA positive samples.

Origin	Total Number	ASCA positive	MAP positive	MAP and ASCA positive
Cairo	122	20	5	1
Giza	94	10	7	2
	60	4	1	0
	5	2	2	1
Nile delta	90	1	8	0
Total	371	37	23	4

Table 5 Human samples according to sex and to animal contact.

	Females	Males	Human – no contact with farm animals	Human – in contact with farm animals
MAP ELISA positive	11/170 (6.4%)	12/201 (5.9%)	6/182 (3.2%)	17/189 (8.9)
ASCA ELISA positive	14/170 (8.2%)	23/201 (11.9%)	24/182 (13.1%)	13/189 (6.8%)

Table 6 Agreement between MAP and ASCA ELISAs on human sera.

Total	ASCA ELISA Neg.^^	ASCA ELISA Pos.^∗
27	23	4	MAP ELISA Pos.
344	307	37	MAP ELISA Neg.
n = 371	330	41	Total

∗ Positive for either ASCA IgG or IgA or both.

^ Negative for both ASCA IgG and IgA.

Table 7 Bacteriological and molecular biological detection of MAP in examined cattle tissue samples and human intestinal biopsies.

Tissue origin	IS900 nested PCR	Culture	Culture-ZN stain	Culture IS900 PCR
Human (n = 5)	0/5	0/5	ND	ND
Cattle (n = 5)	5/5	5/5	5/5	5/5

ZN: Ziehl–Neelsen, ND: not done.