Field evaluation and confirmation of acute peste des petits ruminant outbreak in a flock of West African dwarf goats in Ibadan, Nigeria

Peer review under responsibility of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.

Figures & data

Fig. 1 Mortality of WAD goats infected with PPR.

Fig. 2 Morbidity of WAD goats infected with PPR.

Fig. 3 (a). Goats affected with PPR showing nasal discharges and erosion of the lips; (b). Diarrhoea (faecal pasting of perianal region and hind limbs; (c). Terminal nodular lesions around the mouth.

Table 1 Haematological indices of WAD Goats naturally infected by PPR.

Parameters	Pre-infection	Day 10 PE	Day 15 PE	SEM (±)	Normal value (range)^*
PCV (%)	29.33^a	22.00^b	15.50^c	2.01	21–35
[Hb] (g/dL)	10.50^a	7.20^b	5.70^c	0.72	7–15
RBC Count (×10^6/µL)	11.00^a	9.50^b	6.80^c	0.62	9.2–13.5
MCV (fl)	117.10^a	95.5^b	83.40^c	4.93	107.1–121.9
MCH (pg)	38.53^a	30.00^b	25.00^c	1.99	35.6–40.0
WBC Count (×10^3/µL)	12.20^c	15.8^b	18.90^a	0.97	6.8–20.1
Lymphocyte (%)	54.03^b	55.40^b	57.80^a	0.59	47–82
Neutrophils (%)	45.20^a	43.70^a	41.20^b	0.61	17–52
Eosinophils (%)	0.40^a	0.20^b	0.20^b	0.03	1–7
Monocytes (%)	0.40^c	0.70^a	0.80^a	0.06	0–1

PE: Post Exposure.

^a,b,cMeans along the same row with different superscripts are statistically significant (P < 0.05).

* [18,19].

Table 2 Serum biochemical indices of WAD Goats naturally infected by PPR.

Parameters	Pre-infection	Day 10 PE	Day 15 PE	SEM (±)	Normal value (range)^*
Total protein (g/dL)	7.87^a	6.40^b	5.17^c	0.39	6.8–8.5
Albumin (g/dL)	3.63^a	2.97^b	1.90^c	0.26	2.8–4.3
Globulin (g/dL)	4.23^a	3.33^b	3.27^b	0.16	NA
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.20^c	1.97^b	2.90^a	0.25	0.50–1.35
Blood Urea Nitrogen (mg/dL)	13.70^c	14.80^b	16.50^a	0.41	15.0–17.0
Uric acid (mg/dL)	2.80^c	3.13^b	4.33^a	0.24	NA
Glucose (mg/dL)	54.83^a	48.17^b	43.30^c	1.69	NA
Potassium (mmol/L)	8.50^a	5.80^b	4.23^c	0.63	3.0–6.0
Sodium (mmol/L)	139.17^a	111.40^b	84.60^c	7.87	124.0–146.0
Chloride (mmol/L)	145.00^a	128.00^b	115.00^c	2.89	NA
AST (IU/L)	15.33^c	17.17^b	35.17^a	3.17	12.0–38.0
ALP (IU/L)	10.67^b	12.60^a	13.00^a	0.25	1.4–24.7

NA: Not Available.

PE: Post Exposure.

^a,b,cMeans along the same row with different superscripts are statistically significant (P < 0.05).

* [18,20].

Table 3 Percentage Inhibition of sera for different categories of WAD goats exposed to PPR infection.

S/N	Category of Goat	Time sera collected	Average Percent Inhibition (%)±SD	P-Value
1	Infected (n = 3)	10 days PE	23.33 ± 1.53^c
2	Survivor (n = 3)	40 days PE	70.00 ± 1.73^a	<0.0001
3	In contact (n = 2)	40 days PE	60.00 ± 2.00^b

PE: Post Exposure

^a,b,cMeans in the same column with different superscripts are statistically significant (P < 0.05).