Parasitic conditions of domestic owned rabbits in Osun State, southwestern Nigeria: Retrospective evaluation, risk factors and co-infestations

Peer review under responsibility of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.

Figures & data

able 1 Prevalence (%) of parasitic diseases of rabbits between 2006 and 2015 in Osun State, Nigeria.

Parasitic disease	Number infected	Prevalence (%)	95% C.I
Helminthoses	126	28.38	24.33; 32.71
Coccidiosis	60	13.51	10.57; 16.94
Flea infestation	6	1.35	0.55; 2.79
Mange	312	70.27	65.89; 74.39

C.I = confidence interval.

able 2 Yearly and monthly distribution of parasitic diseases of rabbits in Osun State, Nigeria (2006–2015).

	No of Rabbits	Number of Parasitic Disease Condition (%)
		Helminthoses	Coccidiosis	Flea infestation	Mange
Years
2006	36	12 (33.3)	0 (0.0)	6 (16.7)	24 (66.7)
2007	54	18 (33.3)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	54 (100.0)
2008	42	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	42 (100.0)
2009	36	6 (16.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	30 (83.3)
2010	24	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	24 (100.0)
2011	84	30 (35.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	54 (64.3)
2012	66	0 (0.0)	36 (54.5)	0 (0.0)	30 (45.5)
2013	12	0 (0.0)	12 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
2014	18	18 (100.0)	6 (33.3)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
2015	72	42 (58.3)	6 (8.3)	0 (0.0)	54 (75.0)
Total	444	126 (28.4)	60 (13.5)	6 (1.4)	312 (70.3)
Months
January	42	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	42 (100.0)
February	18	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	18 (100.0)
March	66	18 (27.3)	6 (9.1)	0 (0.0)	54 (81.8)
April	96	48 (50.0)	0 (0.0)	6 (6.2)	78 (81.2)
May	18	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	18 (100.0)
June	24	24 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
July	18	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	18 (100.0)
August	6	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	6 (100.0)
September	96	30 (31.2)	42 (43.8)	0 (0.0)	30 (31.2)
October	30	6 (20.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	30 (100.0)
November	30	0 (0.0)	12 (40.0)	0 (0.0)	18 (60.0)
December	0	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Total	444	126 (28.4)	60 (13.5)	6 (1.4)	312 (70.3)

able 3 Risk factors associated with rabbit helminthoses in Osun State, Nigeria (2006–2015).

Risk factor	Prevalence (%)	OR (95% CI)	P value
Age
Young	72/210 (34.29)	1.74 (1.15; 2.64)	0.01^*
Adult^a	54/234 (23.08)	1.00
Sex
Female	68/194 (35.05)	1.78 (1.18; 2.71)	0.01^*
Male^a	58/250 (23.20)	1.00
Season
Wet	125/348 (35.92)	53.02 (10.31; 108.30)	<0.01^*
Dry^a	1/96 (1.04)	1.00

OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval.

Reference category.

Significant at P < 0.05.

able 4 Risk factors associated with rabbit mange in Osun State, Nigeria (2006–2015).

Risk factor	Prevalence (%)	OR (95% CI)	P value
Age
Young	162/210 (77.14)	1.89 (1.24; 2.88)	<0.01^*
Adult^a	150/234 (64.10)	1.00
Sex
Male	182/250 (72.80)	1.32 (0.87; 1.99)	0.22
Female^a	130/194 (67.01)	1.00
Season
Wet	228/348 (65.52)	0.27 (0.14; 0.51)	<0.01^*
Dry^a	84/96 (87.50)	1.00

OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval.

Reference category

Significant at P < 0.05.

able 5 Spearman’s correlation coefficient for the co-infection of parasitic diseases of rabbits in Osun State, Nigeria (2006–2015).

	Helminthoses	Coccidiosis	Flea infestation	Mange
Helminthoses	1.000
Coccidiosis	−0.161^**	1.000
Flea infestation	−0.074	−0.046	1.000
Mange	−0.443^**	−0.608^**	0.076	1.000

* Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).