Syntheses of Bi₂X₃ (X = S, Se, Te) from elements under hydrothermal conditions

Peer review under responsibility of The Ceramic Society of Japan and the Korean Ceramic Society.

Figures & data

Fig. 1 The XRD patterns of the Bi₂S₃ products produced at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. (f) The reported pattern of Bi₂S₃ (ICSD no. 617019). Inverted triangles and circles show positions of main peaks of Bi and S, respectively.

Fig. 2 SEM images of the Bi₂S₃ products produced at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. SEM images of the starting materials (f) Bi and (g) S.

Fig. 3 The XRD patterns of the Bi₂Se₃ products produced at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. (f) The reported pattern of Bi₂Se₃ (ICSD no. 42545). Arrows show positions of unidentified peaks.

Fig. 4 SEM images of the Bi₂Se₃ products produced at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. SEM images of the starting materials (f) Bi and (g) Se.

Fig. 5 The XRD patterns of the Bi₂Te₃ products obtained at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. Reported patterns of (f) Bi₂TeO₅ (ICSD no. 36446), (g) Bi₂Te₃ (ICSD no. 158366), (h) Te (ICSD no. 96502), and (i) Bi (ICSD no. 53797). Arrows show positions of unidentified peaks.

Fig. 6 SEM images of the Bi₂Te₃ products produced at (a) 240 °C, (b) 210 °C, (c) 180 °C, (d) 240 °C without water, and (e) 210 °C without water. SEM images of the starting materials (f) Bi and (g) Te.