Power plant intakes performance in low flow water bodies

Peer review under responsibility of National Water Research Center.

Figures & data

Fig. 1 Overall view of the power plants at Suez Gulf.

Fig. 2 Detailed view of the Suez Gulf Study Area.

Fig. 3 Detailed view for the tested parameters in this study.

Fig. 4 The location of water level measurements in the model area, TG1 (Suez Station) and TG2 (Attica Station).

Fig. 5 The modeled and observed water levels at station TG1 (Suez Station).

Fig. 6 The modeled and observed water levels at station TG2 (Attica Station).

Table 1 Model scenarios simulations with varied L × S values.

Test no.	(L × S) (m^2)	ΔTo = (To − Ta) (°C)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (%)
1	57,600	8	3.30	41.3
2	69,600	8	2.90	35.8
3	75,600	8	2.70	33.8
4	78,000	8	2.45	30.6
5	81,600	8	2.30	28.8
6	87,600	8	1.95	24.4
7	93,600	8	1.70	21.3
8	99,600	8	1.43	17.9
9	105,600	8	1.20	15.0

L, the plant intake length measured from the shore line; S, the distance between the plant intake and outfall; T_a, local ambient temperature without thermal effluent; T_l, ambient temperature at any point with thermal effluent; T_o, effluent temperature; ΔT/ΔT_o, thermal concentration (%).

Table 2 Model scenarios simulations with varied h/D ratios.

Test no.	(h/D) ratio	ΔTo = (To − Ta) (°C)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (%)
1	0.69	8	1.40	17.5
2	0.62	8	0.95	11.9
3	0.60	8	0.85	10.6
4	0.59	8	0.83	10.4
5	0.58	8	0.80	10.0
6	0.56	8	0.75	9.4
7	0.55	8	0.62	7.8
8	0.54	8	0.60	7.5
9	0.51	8	0.40	5.0

h, the water depth under the intake skimmer wall; D, the water depth just upstream of the intake (D); T_a, local ambient temperature without thermal effluent; T_l, ambient temperature at any point with thermal effluent; T_o, effluent temperature; ΔT/ΔT_o = thermal concentration (%).

Fig. 7 Water thermal concentration upstream of the plant intake for the eight scenarios (prototype values).

Fig. 8 Water thermal concentration inside the plant intake just downstream the skimmer wall for the eight scenarios (prototype values).

Fig. 9 Temperature distribution near the water surface for scenario 1 (Suez Power Plant)

Fig. 10 Temperature distribution near the water surface for scenario 8 (Suez Power Plant)

Fig. 11 Relation between TC_u and (L × S).

Fig. 12 Relation between TC_d and (h/D).

Fig. 13 Excess temperature above the ambient water at the vicinity of New Suez Power Plant.

Fig. 14 Temperature distribution near the New Suez Power Plant.

Fig. 15 Relation between measured and deduced thermal concentration upstream of the New Suez Power Plant intake.

Fig. 16 Relation between measured and deduced thermal concentration downstream of the New Suez Power Plant intake.

Table 3 Measured thermal concentration upstream of the NSPP intake.

Test no.	(L × S)	ΔTo = (To − Ta) (°C)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (Measured) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (Measured) (%)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (Deduced) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (Deduced) (%)
1	57,600	8	3.50	43.75	3.40	42.30
2	75,600	8	2.75	34.38	2.60	32.00
3	81,600	8	2.10	26.25	2.30	28.50
4	93,600	8	1.60	20.00	1.70	21.70
5	105,600	8	1.26	15.75	1.20	14.80

L, the plant intake length measured from the shore line; S, the distance between the plant intake and outfall; T_a, local ambient temperature without thermal effluent; T_l, ambient temperature at any point with thermal effluent; T_o, effluent temperature; ΔT/ΔT_o, thermal concentration (%).

Table 4 Measured thermal concentration downstream of the NSPP intake.

Test no.	(h/D) ratio	ΔTo = (To − Ta) (°C)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (Measured) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (Measured) (%)	ΔT = (Tl − Ta) (Deduced) (°C)	(ΔT/ΔTo) (Deduced) (%)
1	0.69	8	1.47	18.37	1.40	17.30
2	0.60	8	0.96	12.00	0.90	11.00
3	0.58	8	0.74	9.25	0.80	9.90
4	0.55	8	0.57	7.13	0.60	7.70
5	0.51	8	0.46	5.75	0.40	5.30

h, the water depth under the intake skimmer wall; D, the water depth just upstream of the intake (D); T_a, local ambient temperature without thermal effluent; T_l, ambient temperature at any point with thermal effluent; T_o, effluent temperature; ΔT/ΔT_o, thermal concentration (%).