Neutralizing antibody responses to enterovirus and adenovirus in healthy adults in China

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics of all serum sample donors (n=391)

Group	n (%)
Age (years)
≤20	18 (4.6%)
21–30	212 (54.2%)
31–40	102 (26.1%)
41–50	48 (12.3%)
≥50	11 (2.8%)
Gender
Male	226 (57.8%)
Female	165 (42.2%)
Areas
Coastal	239 (61.1%)
Inland	152 (38.9%)

Figure 1 Distribution of EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 neutralizing antibody titers. The blank bars represent the negative ratios, while colored bars represent the corresponding positive ratios in each titer group. The ratio of the number of participants in each titer group to the total number of subjects is shown as a percentage.

Figure 2 EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 neutralizing antibody titers of seropositive individuals from different areas. No significant differences in neutralizing antibody titers of all viruses between coastal and inland areas were found. The box plot shows the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile and maximum titer levels.

Table 2 Seroprevalence of EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 in different regions

Area	EV71	CA16	AdHu5^a	AdC7
Coastal	87.8% (83.6%–92.0%)	62.2% (56.0%–68.4%)	80.3% (75.2%–85.4%)	11.8% (7.6%–15.9%)
Inland	82.4% (76.2%–88.5%)	53.6% (45.6%–61.6%)	64.7% (57.1%–72.4%)	11.8% (6.6%–16.9%)

a P=0.001; 95% confidence interval shown in brackets.

Figure 3 Neutralizing antibody titers against EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 of seropositive individuals, male and female. Significant difference in neutralizing antibody titers was only observed between males and females for CA16 (P=0.006). The box plot shows the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile and maximum titer levels.

Figure 4 Neutralizing antibody titers against EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 of seropositive individuals among different age groups. No significant differences were found in titer values of neutralizing antibodies between age groups for all four viruses. The box plot shows the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile and maximum titer levels.

Table 3 Seroprevalence of EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 by gender

Gender	EV71	CA16^a	AdHu5^b	AdC7
Male	82.7% (77.8%–87.7%)	53.5% (47.0%–60.0%)	69.9% (63.9%–75.9%)	11.1% (6.9%–15.2%)
Female	89.7% (85.0%–94.4%)	66.1% (58.8%–73.4%)	80.0% (73.8%–86.2%)	12.1% (7.1%–17.2%)

a P=0.017; 95% confidence interval shown in brackets.

b P=0.026; 95% confidence interval shown in brackets.

Table 4 Seroprevalence of EV71, CA16, AdHu5 and AdC7 among different age groups

Age group	n	EV71	CA16	AdHu5	AdC7
≤20	18	0	61.1% (36.2%–86.1%)	72.2% (49.3%–95.1%)	5.6% (0%–17.3%)
21–30	212	85.4% (80.6%–90.2%)	58.5% (51.8%–65.2%)	69.3% (63.1%–75.6%)^a	10.4% (6.2%–14.5%)
31–40	102	85.3% (78.3%–92.3%)	60.8% (51.2%–70.4%)	79.4% (71.4%–87.4%)	14.7% (7.7%–21.7%)
41–50	48	81.3% (69.8%–92.7%)	56.3% (41.7%–70.8%)	87.5% (77.8%–97.2%)^a	10.4% (1.5%–19.4%)
≥51	11	90.9% (70.7%–100%)	54.6% (19.5%–89.6%)	63.6% (29.7%–97.5%)	18.2% (0%–45.4%)

a P=0.011; 95% confidence interval shown in brackets.