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Original Articles

Subinhibitory concentrations of resveratrol reduce alpha-hemolysin production in Staphylococcus aureus isolates by downregulating saeRS

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 1-10 | Received 23 Mar 2018, Accepted 03 Jul 2018, Published online: 31 Jul 2018

Figures & data

Fig. 1 Growth curves of S.aureus strains cultured with different concentrations of resveratrol.

a SA75. b USA300. c.MW2 d.SA759

Fig. 1 Growth curves of S.aureus strains cultured with different concentrations of resveratrol.a SA75. b USA300. c.MW2 d.SA759
Fig. 2 Volcano plot of differences in gene expression between SA75 and Res-SA75.

The abscissa refers to the fold-change in the two samples; the ordinate refers to the statistically significant difference in gene expression; red dots indicate a significant difference in upregulated genes and green dots indicate downregulated genes

Fig. 2 Volcano plot of differences in gene expression between SA75 and Res-SA75.The abscissa refers to the fold-change in the two samples; the ordinate refers to the statistically significant difference in gene expression; red dots indicate a significant difference in upregulated genes and green dots indicate downregulated genes

This table shows the expression changes of several important genes associated with virulence, capsular polysaccharide synthesis protein, transcription factors, two-component systems, bacterial secretion system, and metabolic function after treatment with resveratrol. The log2 (fold-change) indicates the multiples of change of Res_SA75 gene compared to SA75, p value is to determine statistically significant indicators, q value is the corrected p value, and description is based on NCBI annotations for gene description

Fig. 3 Relative expression of hla and saeR/S in S.aureus strains after cultured with various concentrations of resveratrol.

Values are means + SDs (based on three repeated assays). There were significant differences with the control group (grown without resveratrol) for each strain (P < 0.05)

Fig. 3 Relative expression of hla and saeR/S in S.aureus strains after cultured with various concentrations of resveratrol.Values are means + SDs (based on three repeated assays). There were significant differences with the control group (grown without resveratrol) for each strain (P < 0.05)
Fig. 4 Effect of resveratrol on the hemolytic activity of S.aureus strains.

There were significant differences with the control group (grown without resveratrol) for each strain (P < 0.05). Each test was performed independently in triplicate

Fig. 4 Effect of resveratrol on the hemolytic activity of S.aureus strains.There were significant differences with the control group (grown without resveratrol) for each strain (P < 0.05). Each test was performed independently in triplicate
Fig. 5 Effects of a sub-inhibitory concentration of resveratrol on alpha-hemolysin (Hla) release was quantified by ELISA in S.aureus strains grown with or without resveratrol.

The test was performed independently in triplicate

Fig. 5 Effects of a sub-inhibitory concentration of resveratrol on alpha-hemolysin (Hla) release was quantified by ELISA in S.aureus strains grown with or without resveratrol.The test was performed independently in triplicate
Fig. 6 Results of mouse skin infection model experiments.

a Comparison of abscess size (area) of SA75 wild-type group and SA75-treated-group (cultured with 1/8 MIC Res). b Skin lesions resulting from S. aureus infection (picture taken at day 2 of infection)

Fig. 6 Results of mouse skin infection model experiments.a Comparison of abscess size (area) of SA75 wild-type group and SA75-treated-group (cultured with 1/8 MIC Res). b Skin lesions resulting from S. aureus infection (picture taken at day 2 of infection)

Primers used for real-time RT-PCR