Ulcerative colitis and periodontitis – a cross-sectional pilot study from a Norwegian cohort

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow diagram of study enrolment.

Table 1. Patient demographics and disease characteristics. (UC = ulcerative colitis).

	N (%)	Mean (SD)	Range
Women	21 (42)
Age		51.9 (12.6)	36–81
Age at UC diagnosis		26.5 (10.4)	12–56
UC disease duration		24.8 (9.2)	13–54
Symptoms of UC at time of oral examination	11 (22)
Colitis Activity Index (CAI)		0.4 (1.3)	0–8
Mayo score		0.4 (0.8)	0–3
Regular visits to dental office	39 (78)
Smokers	4 (8)
Previous smokers	19 (38)
Decayed-missing-filled teeth; DMFT		11.4	1–25
Challacombe scale		0.34	0–10
Full-mouth plaque score; FMPS		38.8 (22.3)
Full-mouth bleeding score; FMBS		53.9 (34.3)
Probing pocket depth; PPD ≥ 6mm	35 (0.4)

Table 2. Medication used for ulcerative colitis.

Type of medication	Number of patients, (%)
No current medication	9 (18)
Mesalazin (Asacol, Mesavant, Mesasal, Pentasa)	29 (58)
Asacol + Pentasa	1 (2)
Colazid	5 (10)
Asacol + additional	3 (6)
Pentasa + additional	1 (2)
Others	5 (10)
Complementary medicine (cannabis)	3 (6)
Vitamin supplements (D + B, D or B)	17 (34)

Figure 2. Distribution of participants with periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Definitions of stable periodontitis and periodontitis with some inflammation/unstable are modifications of the 2017 classification. BoP: Bleeding on probing; PPD: Probing pocket depth.

Table 3. Allocation to periodontal stage and grade in number of patients and percentage (%) of the total population based on clinical and radiographic examination.

Stage	Total	Grade A	Grade B	Grade C	Localized	Generalized
No periodontitis	13 (26)	–	–	–	–	–
Stage I	9 (18)	1 (2)	8 (16)	–	–	9 (18)
Stage II	11 (22)	–	10 (20)	1 (2)	5 (10)	6 (12)
Stage III	17 (34)	–	16 (32)	1 (2)	16 (32)	1 (2)
Stage IV	–	–	–	–	–	–

Table 4. Correlation of previous data on intestinal inflammation (Mayo score & CAI), UC disease duration and periodontal variables performed with Spearman correlation.

Stage	Periodontitis (Stage 0,1,2,3)	Periodontitis (Grade A,B,C)	Number of PPD > 6mm	FMBS
	r, (P-value)	r, (P-value)	r, (P-value)	r, (P-value)
CAI score	−0.163 (0.27)	−0.159 (0.29)	−0.114 (0.44)	−0.179 (0.23)
Mayo score (0,1,2,3)	−0.289 (0.14)	−0.036 (0.81)	0.099 (0.53)	−0.056 (0.72)
UC disease duration	0.235 (0.1)	0.131 (0.362)	−0.107 (0.46)	0.035 (0.81)

PPD: probing pocket depth; CAI: colitis activity index; FMBS: full-mouth bleeding score; UC: ulcerative colitis.

Table 5. Mean score (standard deviation; SD), median (interquartile range; IQR) and range for the items of OHIP-14.

	Mean (SD)	Median (IQR)	Range
Functional limitation
Had trouble pronouncing any words	0.06 (0.24)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Felt sense of taste has worsened	0.1 (0.3)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Physical pain
Had painful aching	0.66 (0.8)	0 (0,1)	0–2
Found it uncomfortable to eat any foods	0.66 (0.87)	0 (0,1)	0–3
Psychological discomfort
Been self-conscious	0.26 (0.57)	0 (0,0)	0–2
Felt tense	0.22 (0.47)	0 (0,0)	0–2
Physical disability
Felt diet has been unsatisfactory	0.06 (0.24)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Had to interrupt meals	0.02 (0.14)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Psychological disability
Found it difficult to relax	0.16 (0.42)	0 (0,0)	0–2
Been a bit embarrased	0.26 (0.6)	0 (0,0)	0–2
Social disability
Been a bit irritable	0.04 (0.2)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Had diffculty doing usual jobs	0.06 (0.24)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Handicap
Felt life less satisfying	0.1 (0.3)	0 (0,0)	0–1
Been totally unable to function	0 (0)	0 (0,0)	0

Data availability statement

The datasets used and/or analysed and questionnaires during the current study are available from the corresponding author on request.