Assessment of Genetic Stability in Traditional Ginger Cultivated in Manipur, India Based on Molecular and Chemical Markers

Abstract

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to analyze the genetic stability of ten local cultivars collected from nine districts of Manipur, India with the released ginger variety Nadia. A total of 15 RAPD and 8 ISSR primers resulted in 107 and 53 distinct and reproducible bands, respectively. A lack of polymorphism revealed the genetic stability among the local cultivars. Unlike molecular markers, analysis of essential oil composition by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed variation among 11 clones. Among eight major constituents obtained by GC-MS technique, cinnamyl acetate was found only in IBSD/Z-41d cultivars, whereas, in IBSD/Z-41o no trace of trans-geraniol was observed. Moreover, concentration of 6-gingerol determined by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method shows that IBSD/Z-41r contains the highest and IBSD/Z-41i contains the lowest gingerol percentage.

Keywords:

• GC-MS
• Ginger genetic diversity
• HPLC
• Molecular marker
• PCR

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for a research grant from The Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, New Delhi, for financial assistance.

Notes

P1 = IBSD/Z-41a, P2 = IBSD/Z-41d, P3 = IBSD/Z-41e, P4 = IBSD/Z-41g, P5 = IBSD/Z-41i, P6 = IBSD/Z-41k, P7 = IBSD/Z-41o, P8 = IBSD/Z-41p, P9 = IBSD/Z-41r, P10 = IBSD/Z-41t, P11 = IBSD/Z-41x.