Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons for the Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction (MSPE) of Bisphenol Endocrine Disruptors in Carbonated Beverages with Determination by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection (HPLC-UV)

Abstract

A novel magnetic reduced graphene oxide nanoribbons (Fe₃O₄ @RGONRs) composite was prepared and applied as an adsorbent of magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) for the determination of four bisphenol endocrine disrupters in three carbonated beverages coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The prepared Fe₃O₄@RGONRs composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and zeta potential analysis. Fe₃O₄@RGONRs composite possessed an abundant π-electron system and interacted with the analytes by π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bond. The MSPE parameters, including the mass of adsorbent, sample solution pH, extraction time, ionic strength, desorption solvent and desorption time, were evaluated. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed Fe₃O₄@RGONRs-based MSPE method exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients (R²) between 0.9994 and 1000 from 1.6 to 1000 µg L⁻¹, low limits of detection from 0.33 to 0.87 µg L⁻¹, and suitable accuracy with spiked recoveries from 81.88% to 115.73%. The excellent analytical performance, along with suitable batch-to-batch reproducibility and reusability, suggest potential applications in the field of sample pretreatment.

Keywords:

• Bisphenol endocrine disruptors
• high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV)
• magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE)
• reduced graphene oxide nanoribbons

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interests was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Resources of China (2018FY100701) and the Collaborative and Innovative Science and Technology Team Supporting Program for Universities in Gansu Province, China (2016C-05)