Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) of Salmon Sperm DNA Using a Polyaniline@Molybdenum(IV) Sulfide@Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) Nanocomposite with Spectrophotometric Detection

Abstract

A novel high-efficient sorbent composed of polyaniline (PANI), MoS₂ nanoparticles, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS) was synthesized and used for the extraction and preconcentration of salmon sperm DNA for the first time. For the effective adsorption of the DNA chain, which has many interacting functional groups, the ability of the MoS₂ in the sandwich-like structure to adsorb analytes was combined with the hydrogen bonding ability of the PANI polymer and the high adsorption capacity of MWCNTs with high surface area. With the awareness of the importance of DNA extraction and preconcentration studies, salmon sperm DNA was selected to be the analyte in this study. After rapid extraction and preconcentration of salmon sperm DNA, inexpensive and easy analysis was performed by spectrophotometry that is available in almost every laboratory. This method has the potential to be routinely used in DNA extraction and determination from various media. The characterization of synthesized PANI@MoS₂@ MWCNTs was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy mapping, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Spectrophotometry at 260 nm was used to determine the DNA. The optimum extraction conditions of the SPE procedure were pH 6.0, 25 of mg adsorbent, 2 min of vortexing, and 1 mL of 2 M sodium hydroxide as the eluent. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curve was linear from 33 to 567 µg L⁻¹, the relative standard deviation was 2.2% for 100 μg L⁻¹, and the limit of detection limit was 13 μg L⁻¹. The maximum obtained preconcentration factor was 30 and the sorption capacity of synthesized adsorbent for DNA was 9.16 mg g⁻¹.

Keywords:

• DNA extraction
• molybdenum disulfide
• multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)
• polyaniline
• solid-phase extraction (SPE)
• spectrophotometry

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests that influenced the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Funding

Neda Baghban is thankful to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under “2216 Research Fellowship Programme for Foreign Citizens” for financial support.