Caveat Emptor: Do Products Sold to Help Bees and Pollinating Insects Actually Work?

Figures & data

Figure 1. Just a small selection of the many items offered on sale to ‘help’ wildlife in your garden, in particular solitary bees, butterflies and ladybirds. These include a bee nest box in wood (a) and in brick (b); a tin of balls of flower seeds and clay (c); a butterfly house (d); and a shelter for ladybirds (e).