Novel sfericase protease improves amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and rapeseed meal in broiler chickens

Figures & data

Table 1. Proximate compositions of soybean meal (SBM) and rapeseed meal (RSM) samples.

	Exp. 1		Exp. 2
Item	SBM A	SBM B	RSM A	RSM B
Dry matter, g/kg	924	922	915	907
KOH solubility, %	82.7	77.1	NA^1	NA
Urease activity, U/g	0.01	0.02	NA	NA
Crude protein, g/kg	482	468	381	385
Crude fat, g/kg	10.9	15.0	20.0	39.5
Crude ash, g/kg	66.7	68.1	69.2	65.7
Calcium, g/kg	3.4	3.8	7.5	7.0
Phosphorus, g/kg	6.5	6.4	11.4	10.8
Phytate-P, g/kg	4.4	4.2	8.2	8.1
Amino acids, g/kg
Met	6.8	6.7	8.0	7.4
Cys	7.2	7.0	12.4	11.3
Lys	26.1	25.6	17.7	18.8
Thr	16.4	16.4	13.5	13.8
Trp	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.3
Arg	29.7	29.8	19.3	20.5
Ile	19.4	20.0	13.9	14.4
Leu	33.2	34.2	24.2	25.5
Val	20.8	21.3	17.0	17.7
His	11.1	11.0	8.3	8.9
Phe	21.9	22.4	12.9	13.9
Gly	20.1	20.6	18.8	19.9
Ser	23.3	23.8	14.3	15.1
Pro	22.1	22.9	22.5	23.7
Ala	18.4	18.6	14.3	15.0
Asp	49.5	50.0	24.9	25.6
Glu	79.6	81.3	58.0	60.2
Tyr	13.3	13.2	8.3	7.8

¹NA, not analysed.

Table 2. Ingredient and composition of the experimental diets (as fed basis).

	Exp. 1		Exp. 2
Ingredients (g/kg)	SBM^a A	SBM B	RSM^b A	RSM B
SBM A	421.4		–	–
SBM B	–	421.4	–	–
RSM A	–	–	516.4	–
RSM B	–	–	–	516.4
Maize starch/dextrose^c	500.0	500.0	408.0	408.0
Soy oil	40.0	40.0	40.0	40.0
Dicalcium phosphate	19.0	19.0	18.0	18.0
Limestone	10.0	10.0	5.0	5.0
Salt	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
Sodium bicarbonate	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
Choline chloride	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Premix^d	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
TiO2	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
Analysed nutrient content, g/kg
Dry matter	940.5	942.5	936.9	933.9
Crude protein	204.1	195.1	186.4	190.0
Ca	9.7	9.3	10.3	10.3

^a,bSBM, soybean meal; RSM, rapeseed meal.

^cA mixture of maize starch and dextrose (1:1 w/w).

^dVitamin-mineral premix provided (per kg of diet): retinyl acetate 9800 IU, cholecalciferol 3500 IU, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate 45 IU, menadione 3 mg, thiamine 3 mg, riboflavin 8 mg, pyridoxine 4 mg, cyanocobalamin 0.02 mg, biotin 0.15 mg, folic acid 2 mg, niacinamide 60 mg, D-calcium pantothenate 15 mg, Fe (ferrous sulphate) 50 mg, Cu (cupric sulphate) 15 mg, Mn (manganese oxide) 90 mg, Zn (zinc sulphate) 70 mg, I (potassium iodide) 1 mg and Se (sodium selenite) 0.3 mg.

Table 3. Effect of sfericase on apparent ileal digestibility of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and nonessential amino acids (NEAA) for soybean meal (SBM) samples in broilers (Exp. 1, n = 8).¹

		Initial body weight (d 16, g/bird)	Apparent ileal digestibility coefficient
SBM batch	Sfericase, NFP/kg		Ca	P	N	Ala	Asp	Cys	Glu	Gly	Pro	Ser	Tyr
A	0	542	0.421	0.575^b	0.797^ab	0.813	0.810^bc	0.638	0.860	0.806	0.818	0.810	0.827
	30,000	542	0.429	0.580^b	0.797^ab	0.826	0.822^ab	0.674	0.869	0.819	0.827	0.820	0.833
B	0	545	0.399	0.591^b	0.784^b	0.812	0.794^c	0.627	0.851	0.805	0.815	0.801	0.829
	30,000	543	0.430	0.639^a	0.814^a	0.843	0.834^a	0.695	0.875	0.796	0.841	0.833	0.857
Pooled-SEM		1.5	0.0065	0.0062	0.0040	0.0041	0.0040	0.0075	0.0030	0.0037	0.0037	0.0040	0.004
P-value		0.842	0.311	<0.001	0.058	0.014	0.001	0.001	0.024	0.174	0.048	0.025	0.032
SBM batch
A			0.425	0.577	0.797	0.819	0.816	0.666	0.864	0.813	0.823	0.815	0.830
B			0.414	0.615	0.799	0.828	0.814	0.661	0.863	0.800	0.828	0.817	0.843
	Sfericase
	0		0.410	0.583	0.790	0.812^B	0.802	0.632^B	0.855^B	0.806	0.816^B	0.805^B	0.828^B
	30,000		0.429	0.609	0.805	0.835^A	0.828	0.684^A	0.872^A	0.807	0.834^A	0.826^A	0.845^A
Probability. P≤
SBM batch			0.427	<.0001	0.752	0.259	0.727	0.662	0.819	0.095	0.437	0.736	0.097
Sfericase			0.138	0.006	0.052	0.004	<0.001	<0.001	0.006	0.820	0.015	0.007	0.034
SBM batch × sfericase			0.390	0.020	0.050	0.226	0.029	0.176	0.176	0.141	0.223	0.134	0.145

¹Means with different subscripts in a column differ significantly.

Table 4. Effect of sfericase on apparent ileal digestibility of essential amino acids (EAA) for soybean meal (SBM) samples in broilers (Exp. 1, n =8).¹

		Apparent ileal digestibility coefficient
SBM batch	Sfericase, NFP/kg	Arg	His	Ile	Leu	Lys	Met	Phe	Thr	Trp	Val
A	0	0.905	0.864	0.835	0.827	0.855	0.858	0.824	0.765	0.817	0.814
	30,000	0.907	0.872	0.846	0.839	0.866	0.869	0.836	0.782	0.827	0.828
B	0	0.912	0.859	0.839	0.833	0.839	0.855	0.828	0.770	0.804	0.822
	30,000	0.925	0.877	0.860	0.858	0.871	0.870	0.852	0.805	0.840	0.849
Pooled-SEM		0.0022	0.0039	0.0034	0.0037	0.0037	0.0036	0.0036	0.0046	0.0071	0.0039
P-value		0.002	0.388	0.036	0.009	0.006	0.350	0.020	0.006	0.348	0.012
SBM batch
A		0.906^B	0.868	0.840	0.833	0.861	0.864	0.830	0.774	0.822	0.821^B
B		0.919^A	0.868	0.850	0.845	0.855	0.862	0.840	0.788	0.822	0.835^A
	Sfericase
	0	0.909	0.862	0.837^B	0.830^B	0.847^B	0.856	0.826^B	0.768^B	0.810	0.818^B
	30,000	0.916	0.875	0.853^A	0.849^A	0.869^A	0.870	0.844^A	0.794^A	0.833	0.838^A
Probability. P≤
SBM batch		0.001	0.994	0.153	0.057	0.343	0.837	0.128	0.084	1.000	0.041
Sfericase		0.059	0.111	0.015	0.005	0.002	0.080	0.008	0.003	0.112	0.007
SBM batch × sfericase		0.131	0.515	0.364	0.321	0.111	0.771	0.334	0.259	0.395	0.368

¹Means with different subscripts in a column differ significantly.

Table 5. Effect of sfericase on apparent ileal digestibility of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and nonessential amino acids (NEAA) for rapeseed meal (RSM) samples in broilers (Exp. 2, n = 8).¹

		Initial body weight (d 16, g/bird)	Apparent ileal digestibility coefficient
RSM batch	Sfericase, NFP/kg		Ca	P	N	Ala	Asp	Cys	Glu	Gly	Pro	Ser	Tyr
A	0	615	0.367	0.364	0.645	0.698	0.675	0.510	0.803	0.685	0.684	0.659	0.682
	30,000	619	0.339	0.355	0.651	0.731	0.710	0.513	0.824	0.711	0.707	0.705	0.702
B	0	618	0.392	0.369	0.632	0.667	0.636	0.478	0.778	0.663	0.658	0.642	0.631
	30,000	625	0.386	0.381	0.643	0.692	0.644	0.454	0.796	0.679	0.673	0.646	0.657
Pooled-SEM		2.0	0.0064	0.0039	0.0051	0.0068	0.0078	0.0103	0.0047	0.0057	0.0052	0.0074	0.0074
P-value		0.302	0.010	0.113	0.644	0.005	<0.001	0.129	0.003	0.023	0.003	0.005	0.001
RSM batch
A			0.353^B	0.360^B	0.648	0.715^A	0.693^A	0.512^A	0.814^A	0.698^A	0.696^A	0.682^A	0.692^A
B			0.389^A	0.375^A	0.637	0.680^B	0.640^B	0.466^B	0.787^B	0.671^B	0.666^B	0.644^B	0.644^B
	Sfericase
	0		0.379	0.367	0.639	0.682^B	0.656	0.494	0.791^B	0.674^B	0.671^B	0.651	0.656
	30,000		0.363	0.368	0.647	0.712^A	0.677	0.484	0.810^A	0.695^A	0.690^A	0.675	0.680
Probability. P≤
RSM batch			0.003	0.041	0.320	0.005	<0.001	0.027	0.002	0.016	0.002	0.005	<0.001
Sfericase			0.135	0.871	0.439	0.016	0.084	0.607	0.022	0.048	0.039	0.056	0.057
RSM batch × sfericase			0.329	0.154	0.826	0.718	0.290	0.511	0.842	0.623	0.652	0.107	0.775

¹Means with different subscripts in a column differ significantly.

Table 6. Effect of sfericase on apparent ileal digestibility of essential amino acids (EAA) for rapeseed meal (RSM) samples in broilers (Exp. 2, n = 8).¹

		Apparent ileal digestibility coefficient
RSM source	Sfericase, NFP/kg	Arg	His	Ile	Leu	Lys	Met	Phe	Thr	Trp	Val
A	0	0.799	0.766	0.689	0.717	0.690	0.753	0.736	0.610	0.780	0.674
	30,000	0.810	0.791	0.713	0.746	0.718	0.770	0.763	0.652	0.796	0.695
B	0	0.762	0.750	0.652	0.689	0.650	0.730	0.704	0.590	0.759	0.639
	30,000	0.790	0.770	0.679	0.715	0.676	0.742	0.730	0.604	0.791	0.668
Pooled-SEM		0.0058	0.0048	0.0066	0.0063	0.0069	0.0067	0.0063	0.0069	0.0051	0.0069
P-value		0.019	0.020	0.006	0.010	0.002	0.178	0.006	0.006	0.043	0.029
RSM batch
A		0.804^A	0.778^A	0.701^A	0.732^A	0.704^A	0.762	0.749^A	0.631^A	0.788	0.684^A
B		0.776^B	0.760^B	0.666^B	0.702^B	0.663^B	0.736	0.717^B	0.597^B	0.775	0.653^B
	Sfericase
	0	0.781	0.758^B	0.670^B	0.703^B	0.670^B	0.741	0.720^B	0.600^B	0.769^B	0.656
	30,000	0.800	0.780^A	0.696^A	0.731^A	0.697^A	0.756	0.746^A	0.628^A	0.793^A	0.681
Probability. P≤
RSM batch		0.011	0.041	0.004	0.012	0.001	0.055	0.005	0.008	0.162	0.018
Sfericase		0.066	0.014	0.027	0.016	0.022	0.276	0.020	0.023	0.017	0.055
RSM batch × sfericase		0.419	0.780	0.876	0.914	0.925	0.881	0.963	0.263	0.389	0.735

¹Means with different subscripts in a column differ significantly.