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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 62, 2023 - Issue 3
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Extractive Hydrometallurgy

Study on leaching behaviour of germanium and iron in zinc oxide dust from lead zinc smelting

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Pages 573-580 | Received 07 Apr 2022, Accepted 12 Aug 2022, Published online: 25 Aug 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Zinc oxide dust from lead zinc smelting is an important raw material for germanium recovery. This article researched the behaviour of germanium and iron in zinc oxide dust leaching in response to the problem of low germanium leaching efficiency. For this purpose, the germanium phase distributions were confirmed, the effects of sulphuric acid concentration, liquid–solid ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time were determined. According to the findings, germanium exists primarily in the form of soluble germanium oxide and germanates. In addition, the germanium leaching efficiency is most affected by the leaching time, because the leaching iron will be oxidised and create Fe4Ge3O12 precipitation with the leaching germanium if the leaching time is too long, resulting in the decline of germanium leaching efficiency. The leaching efficiency of zinc and germanium can reach 89.05% and 84.32%, respectively, when the sulphuric acid concentration is 150 g/L, the liquid–solid ratio is 5:1, the leaching temperature is 85°C, and the leaching time is 30 min, which is 0.44% and 7.21% higher than that under unoptimised conditions. Furthermore, through sodium sulphite-assisted leaching, the leaching efficiency of germanium is further increased to 89.48%, indicating that reductant-assisted leaching is a direction worthy of study.

La poussière d’oxyde de zinc provenant de la fusion du plomb et zinc est une matière première importante pour la récupération du germanium. Cet article a étudié le comportement du germanium et du fer dans la lixiviation de la poussière d’oxyde de zinc en réponse au problème de la faible efficacité de lixiviation du germanium. Dans ce but, on a confirmé les distributions de phase de germanium et l’on a déterminé les effets de la concentration d’acide sulfurique, du rapport liquide-solide, de la température de lixiviation et du temps de lixiviation. D’après les résultats, le germanium existe principalement sous la forme d’oxyde de germanium soluble et de germanates. De plus, l’efficacité de lixiviation du germanium est surtout affectée par le temps de lixiviation, car le fer de lixiviation sera oxydé et créera une précipitation de Fe4Ge3O12 avec le germanium de lixiviation si le temps de lixiviation est trop long, ayant pour résultat le déclin de l’efficacité de lixiviation du germanium. L’efficacité de lixiviation du zinc et du germanium peut atteindre 89.05% et 84.32%, respectivement, lorsque la concentration d’acide sulfurique est de 150 g/L, le rapport liquide-solide est de 5:1, la température de lixiviation est de 85°C et la durée de lixiviation est de 30 min, qui est 0.44% et 7.21% supérieure à celle dans des conditions non optimisées. En outre, grâce à la lixiviation assistée par le sulfite de sodium, l’efficacité de lixiviation du germanium est augmentée davantage à 89.48%, indiquant que la lixiviation assistée par un agent de réduction est une direction digne d’étude.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 51974141].

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