Genotoxic response of blood, gill and liver cells of Piaractus mesopotamicus after an acute exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide

Figures & data

Figure 1. Number of dead P. mesopotamicus specimens along the 96 h of exposure to the seven herbicide concentrations tested. The different colours of the bars represent the number of dead individuals every 24 h.

Figure 2. Mean frequencies (± standard deviation) of MN (A) and NA (B) observed in erythrocytes, gill cells and hepatocytes of P. mesopotamicus after 96 h of exposure to Roundup Full II^® (RU) with their respective positive (PC) and negative (NC) control groups. ^aSignificant difference from NC (p < 0. 05). ^bSignificant differences between tissues responses (p < 0. 05).

Table 1. Mean frequencies of each DNA damage class and DNA damage index (± standard deviation) observed in erythrocytes, gill cells and hepatocytes of P. mesopotamicus after 96 h of exposure to Roundup Full II^® (RU) with their respective positive (PC) and negative (NC) control groups.

	Group	N		Comet classes				Index damage score
			0	1	2	3	4
Peripheral blood	NC	12	98.42 ± 0.79	1.58 ± 0.79	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	1.50 ± 0.9
	RU	12	86.45 ± 15.04	11.17 ± 12.09	1.33 ± 2.06	0.25 ± 0.62	0.08 ± 0.29	14.92 ± 17.6^a
	PC	9	46.56 ± 17.03	43.56 ± 15.34	6.67 ± 3.71	2 ± 1.41	1.22 ± 1.39	67.11 ± 18.2
Gills	NC	6	97.67 ± 1.03	2.17 ± 0.98	0.17 ± 0.41	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	2.5 ± 1.22
	RU	9	88.56 ± 8.35	9.11 ± 5.9	1.89 ± 2.47	0.44 ± 0.73	0.11 ± 0.33	14.67 ± 12.43^a
	PC	8	41.75 ± 11	46.5 ± 8.02	8.88 ± 3.68	2 ± 1.85	0.88 ± 0.99	73.38 ± 18.47
Liver	NC	10	98.7 ± 1.06	1.3 ± 1.06	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	1.3 ± 1.06
	RU	6	86.5 ±14.46	11.67 ± 12.52	1.5 ± 1.48	0.17 ± 0.41	0.17 ± 0.41	15.83 ± 16.74^a
	PC	8	42.25 ± 7.01	46.25 ± 6.2	8.75 ± 4.89	2 ± 2.2	0.75 ± 1.16	72.75 ± 15.7

One hundred cells for each tissue were analysed per fish.

Significantly different from NC: ^a(p < 0. 05).