Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 18 species of Epimedium sect. Diphyllon (Berberidaceae) from central China

Figures & data

Table 1. Sample information and karyotypic characteristics of 18 Epimedium species examined in this study.

Species	Vouchers	Origin	SC-LC	LC/SC	p	q	CL	KA	AI	Karyotype formula	Figures
E. acuminatum Franchet	Zhang 232	Emei, Sichuan	2.93–4.36	1.49	2.32 ± 0.30	1.34 ± 0.34	3.67 ± 0.39	3A	2.26	6m (2sat) + 6sm	1, 25
E. baojingense Q. L. Chen & B. M. Yang	Zhang 203	Longshan, Hunan	4.06–5.38	1.33	2.89 ± 0.21	1.77 ± 0.49	4.67 ± 0.46	2A	2.14	6m (2sat) + 6sm	2, 26
E. brevicornu Maximowicz	Zhang 201	Shangnan, Shaanxi	4.03–5.84	1.45	3.19 ± 0.35	1.76 ± 0.49	4.94 ± 0.52	3A	2.37	4m (2sat) + 8sm	3, 27
E. franchetii Stearn	Zhang 166	Wufeng, Hubei	3.9–5.95	1.52	2.74 ± 0.20	1.83 ± 0.52	4.57 ± 0.64	2A	2.68	6m (2sat) + 6sm	4, 28
E. franchetii Stearn	Zhang 173	Wufeng, Hubei	3.26–4.61	1.42	2.47 ± 0.14	1.51 ± 0.41	3.98 ± 0.48	2A	2.28	6m (2sat) + 6sm	5, 29
E. franchetii Stearn	Zhang 196	Shennongjia, Hubei	3.28–4.77	1.45	2.45 ± 0.21	1.60 ± 0.46	4.04 ± 0.48	2A	2.57	6m (2sat) + 6sm	6, 30
E. hunanense (Handel Mazzetti) Handel-Mazzetti	Zhang 207	Yongshun, Hunan	3.73–5.87	1.57	2.87 ± 0.26	1.70 ± 0.64	4.6 ± 0.77	2A	4.56	6m (2sat) + 4sm + 2st	7, 31
E. ilicifolium Stearn	Zhang 200	Zhuxi, Hubei	3.24–4.95	1.53	2.60 ± 0.33	1.59 ± 0.45	4.80 ± 0.54	3A	2.88	6m (2sat) + 6sm	8, 32
E. leptorrhizum Stearn	Zhang 183	Longshan, Hunan	2.88–4.04	1.4	2.01 ± 0.12	1.35 ± 0.38	3.37 ± 0.34	2A	2.19	6m (2sat) + 6sm	9, 33
E. leptorrhizum Stearn	Zhang 152	Longquan, Zhejiang	2.87–4.57	1.59	2.31 ± 0.20	1.47 ± 0.48	3.78 ± 0.51	3A	3.31	6m (2sat) + 6sm	10, 34
E. leptorrhizum Stearn	Zhang 211	Enshi, Hubei	4–5.76	1.44	3.10 ± 0.43	1.77 ± 0.40	4.88 ± 0.48	2A	1.94	4m + 8sm (2sat)	11, 35
E. lishihchenii Stearn	Zhang 149	Lushan, Jiangxi	3.99–4.5	1.51	2.23 ± 0.19	1.37 ± 0.35	3.59 ± 0.47	2A	2.1	6m(2sat) + 6sm	12, 36
E. membranaceum K. Meyer	Zhang 275	Dujiangyan, Sichuan	3.21–4.54	1.41	2.39 ± 0.29	1.48 ± 0.35	3.88 ± 0.42	2A	2.23	6m (2sat) + 6sm	13, 37
E. mikinorii Stearn	Zhang 187	Enshi, Hubei	3.45–5.02	1.45	2.72 ± 0.30	1.60 ± 0.44	4.32 ± 0.50	2A	2.4	6m (2sat) + 6sm	14, 38
E. parvifolium S. Z. He &T. L. Zhang	Zhang 218	Songtao, Guizhou	3.13–5.53	1.77	2.46 ± 0.34	1.59 ± 0.44	4.05 ± 0.65	2A	2.76	6m (2sat) + 6sm	15, 39
E. pseudowushanense B. L. Guo	Zhang 228	Longli, Guizhou	3.81–5.68	1.49	2.80 ± 0.25	1.81 ± 0.43	4.61 ± 0.49	2A	1.71	6m (2sat) + 6sm	16, 40
E. sagittatum (Siebold & Zuccarini) Maximowicz	Zhang 215	Youyang, Chongqing	3.78–5.65	1.49	2.76 ± 0.20	1.77 ± 0.53	4.54 ± 0.57	2A	2.61	6m (2sat) + 6sm	17, 41
E. shennongjiaense Y. J. Zhang & J. Q. Li	Zhang 193	Shennongjia, Hubei	3.72–5.14	1.38	2.68 ± 0.40	1.56 ± 0.30	4.23 ± 0.41	2A	1.85	4m + 8sm (2sat)	18, 42
E. stellulatum Stearn	Zhang 198	Shiyan, Hubei	3.6–5.56	1.54	2.76 ± 0.36	1.70 ± 0.37	4.45 ± 0.54	2A	1.9	8m (2sat) + 4sm	19, 43
E. stellulatum Stearn	Zhang 202	Luonan, Shannxi	3.45–4.99	1.45	2.61 ± 0.18	1.58 ± 0.49	4.19 ± 0.58	2A	2.89	6m (2sat) + 6sm	20, 44
E. tianmenshanensis T. Deng, D. G. Zhang & H. Sun	Zhang 209	Zhangjiajie, Hunan	3.47–5.42	1.56	2.67 ± 0.25	1.72 ± 0.58	4.38 ± 0.61	2A	3.71	6m (2sat) + 6sm	21, 45
E. wushanense T. S. Ying	Zhang 191	Shennongjia, Hubei	3.83–5.64	1.47	2.76 ± 0.39	1.76 ± 0.40	4.52 ± 0.54	2A	1.9	8m (2sat) + 4sm	22, 46
E. wushanense T. S. Ying	Zhang 192	Shennongjia, Hubei	2.97–4.25	1.43	2.33 ± 0.33	1.31 ± 0.30	3.64 ± 0.41	2A	2.22	4m + 8sm (2sat)	23, 47
E. zhushanense K. F. Wu & S. X. Qian	Zhang 199	Zhushan, Hubei	3.66–5.78	1.58	3.07 ± 0.41	1.78 ± 0.50	4.85 ± 0.65	2A	2.76	8m (2sat) + 4sm	24, 48

Abbreviations: SC, the shortest chromosome length (μm); LC, the longest chromosome length (μm); LC/SC, proportion of the longest chromosome length to the shortest chromosome length; p, mean length of long arm (μm); q, mean length of short arm (μm); CL, mean length of chromosome (μm); AI, asymmetry induce according to Paszko (2006); KA, Stebbins’ asymmetry karyotype; m, metacentric; sm, submetacentric; st, acrocentric.

Figures 1-24. Metaphase chromosomes of the 18 examined species in Epimedium. 1, E. acuminatum; 2, E. baojingense; 3, E. brevicornu; 4–6, E. franchetii; 7, E. hunanense; 8, E. ilicifolium; 9–11, E. leptorrhizum; 12, E. lishihchenii; 13, E. membranaceum; 14, E. mikinorii; 15, E. parvifolium; 16, E. pseudowushanense; 17, E. sagittatum; 18, E. shennongjiaense; 19, 20, E. stellulatum; 21, E. tianmenshanensis; 22, 23, E. wushanense; 24, E. zhushanense. Scale bar = 5 μm.

Figure 25-48. Idiograms of the 18 species of Epimedium examined in this study. 25, E. acuminatum; 26, E. baojingense; 27, E. brevicornu; 28–30, E. franchetii; 31, E. hunanense; 32, E. ilicifolium; 33–35, E. leptorrhizum; 36, E. lishihchenii; 37, E. membranaceum; 38, E. mikinorii; 39, E. parvifolium; 40, E. pseudowushanense; 41, E. sagittatum; 42, E. shennongjiaense; 43, 44, E. stellulatum; 45, E. tianmenshanensis; 46, 47, E. wushanense; 48, E. zhushanense. Scale bar = 2 μm.

Paszko B. 2006. A critical review and a new proposal of karyotype asymmetry indices. Plant Syst Evol. 258:39–48.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar