Making a Global Gas Market: Territoriality and Production Networks in Liquefied Natural Gas

Figures & data

Figure 1. Conceptualizing the LNG production network.

Figure 2. World production and exports of natural gas and LNG, 2015 (billion cubic meters).

Figure 3. Worldwide LNG Trade, 2001.

Source: authors, based on data from BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002.

Figure 4. Worldwide LNG Trade, 2015.

Source: authors, based on data from International Gas Union.

Figure 5. Organizational trends in the LNG production network.

Table 1 Changing Network Practices: Comparison of Traditional and Emergent Contract Characteristics

Traditional Contract Characteristics	Emergent Contract Characteristics
Long-term, take-or-pay obligations	Shorter-term, options on delivery
Limited off-take flexibility	Flexibility in off-take volumes
No destination flexibility	Flexibility in delivery points
Oil-indexation of prices (outside United States/United Kingdom)	Pressure on oil indexation, hub benchmarking
Limited options for review/reopening	Contract reopening

Source: Based on Tusiani and Shearer (2006), supplemented with other sources.

Tusiani, M., and Shearer, G. 2006. LNG: A non-technical guide. Tulsa, OK: PennWell.

 Google Scholar