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Abstract
Piezoelectric ceramics, constituting an active element, make a stator vibrate generating a rotational force in ultrasonic motors. In the drive of ultrasonic motors, many factors exist that can affect the resonance characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics. For example, those factors are the bonding conditions with the elastic body, the magnitude of the electric field, the normal force for the frictional drive, the emission of heat due to vibration and friction, and so on. Therefore, it is important to properly research the inclination for variation of piezoelectric ceramics in the circumstance where complex elements are involved. In this paper, we focus on the analysis of the resonance characteristics of an ultrasonic motor due to the magnitude of the input voltage and normal force.