Replacement of Mg²⁺ at the B′-Site by Transition Elements in Ba(B′_0.33Nb_0.67)O₃ Compound

Abstract

Complex perovskite materials are considered as a boon in this revolutionary era of microelectronic and telecommunications. In this paper we have presented the effect of replacement of Mg²⁺ by divalent ions (Co²⁺, Cu²⁺) in Ba(Mg_0.33Nb_0.67)O₃. We have studied the impact of replacement of Mg²⁺ by transition elements on structural, micro-structure, dielectric properties. It is observed that on replacing the Mg²⁺ by Co²⁺ and Cu²⁺ the structural symmetry shifts from hexagonal (BMN, BCoN) to tetragonal (BCuN). Further, the morphological study reveals agglomerated grain formation for BCoN and a spikes/elongated type of structure in BCuN samples. The frequency dependence of dielectric studies shows the polar behavior of BMN. On the other hand replacing Mg by cobalt or copper (having 3d⁷ and 3d⁹ configuration, respectively), leads to Jahn-Teller distortions introduced in the samples. The poly-dispersive natures of the samples were inferred through fitting the curves with Cole–Cole equation.

Keywords:

• Oxides
• X-ray diffraction
• SEM
• dielectric properties
• impedance studies
• conductivity studies