Antibiogram imprints of E. coli O157:H7 recovered from irrigation water and agricultural soil samples collected from two district municipalities in South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1. Description of sampling points

District Municipality	Sample sites	Coordinates	Samples collected
Amathole	S1	S32°46.922ˡ E026°50.799ˡ	Irrigation water
	S2	S32°46.857ˡ E026°51.373ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S3	S32°43.48ˡ E027°1.32ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S4	S32°45.2ˡ E27°19.07ˡ	Irrigation water
	S5	S32°48.45ˡ E26°59.27ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S6	S32°35.412ˡ E026°57.793ˡ	Irrigation water
	S7	S32°38.157ˡ E026°55.954ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S8	S32°39.202ˡ E026°55.301ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S9	S32°40.998ˡ E026°54.062ˡ	Irrigation water
		S32°43.259ˡ E026°52.707ˡ	Soil
	S10	S22°45.617ˡ E026°51.450ˡ	Irrigation water
	S11	S32°45.618ˡ E026°51.428ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S12	S32°46.616ˡ E026°50.203ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S13	S32°35.783ˡ E027°26.880ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S14	S32°37.165ˡ E027°26.418ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
Chris Hanni	S15	S32°19.375ˡ E027°08.543ˡ	Irrigation water
	S16	S32°01.927ˡ E027°04.619ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S17	S31°55.297ˡ E026°49.882ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S18	S31°53.203ˡ E026°47.764ˡ	Irrigation water and soil
	S19	S32°00.855ˡ E027°35.597ˡ	Irrigation water

Note: For confidentiality sake, sampling sites are coded with S1-S19. Coordinates for each sampling site were retrieved using the ‘etrex-LEGENDH’ GPS equipment.

Figure 1. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of E. coli O157:H7. GM-gentamycin, AK-amikacin, AUG-amoxycillin clavulanic acid, AP-ampicillin, IMI-imipenem, MEM-meropenem, CTX-cefotaxime, CXM-cefuroxime, CIP-ciprofloxacin, NOR-norfloxacin, NI-nitrofurantoin, C-chloramphenicol, NA-nalidixic acid, TS-trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, T-tetracycline, DXT-doxycycline

Figure 2. The phenotypic AMR pattern of each E. coli O157:H7 isolate. Isolates 1 to 18 were recovered from irrigation water samples. Isolates 19 to 46 were recovered from agricultural soil samples. S-sensitive, I-intermediate, R-resistance, GM-gentamycin, AK-amikacin, AUG-amoxycillin clavulanic acid, AP-ampicillin, IMI-imipenem, MEM meropenem, CTX-cefotaxime, CXM-cefuroxime, CIP-ciprofloxacin, NOR-norfloxacin, NI-nitrofurantoin, C-chloramphenicol, NA-nalidixic acid, TS-trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, T-tetracycline, DXT-doxycycline

Figure 3. The prevalence of ARGs in confirmed E. coli O157:H7 isolated from irrigation water samples. n = number of phenotypically resistant isolates screened for ARGs

Table 2. MARPs patterns and MAR indices of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from irrigation water samples

SN	MAR Phenotypes	No. of antibiotics	No. of isolates	MARI
1	CTX-CXM-NI-C	4	1	0.25
2	AP-CXM-NI-C	4	1	0.25
3	AP-NI-C	3	1	0.19
4	CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T-DXT	8	1	0.50
5	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-NA-TS-T-DXT	9	2	0.56
6	CXM-NI-C-NA-TS	5	1	0.31
7	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T-DXT	10	1	0.62
8	AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-DXT	8	1	0.50
9	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T	9	1	0.56
10	CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T	7	1	0.44
11	MEM-CTX-CXM-NI-C	5	1	0.31
12	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS	8	1	0.50
13	CXM-NI-C	3	2	0.19
14	AUG-AP-CXM-NI-C	5	1	0.31
15	GM-AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T-DXT	11	1	0.69
16	AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C	5	1	0.31

SN-serial number, GM-gentamycin, AK-amikacin, AUG-amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, AP-ampicillin, IMI–imipenem, MEM-meropenem, CTX-cefotaxime, CXM-cefuroxime, CIP-ciprofloxacin, NOR-norfloxacin, NI-nitrofurantoin, C-chloramphenicol, NA-nalidixic acid, TS-trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, T-tetracycline, DXT-doxycycline.

Table 3. MARPs patterns and MAR indices of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from agricultural soil samples

SN	MAR Phenotypes	No. of antibiotics	No. of isolates	MARI
1	AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C	5	4	0.31
2	AUG-AP-CXM-NI-TS-T-DXT	7	2	0.44
3	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-TS-T	8	2	0.50
4	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-TS-T-DXT	9	3	0.56
5	CXM-NI-TS-T-DXT	5	1	0.31
6	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C-NA-TS-T-DXT	10	1	0.63
7	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-TS-T-DXT	7	1	0.44
8	CTX-CXM-TS-T	4	1	0.25
9	AP-CXM-NI-TS-T	5	1	0.31
10	CTX-CXM-NI-C	4	1	0.25
11	AUG-AP-NI	3	1	0.19
12	CXM-CIP-NI-NA-TS-T	6	1	0.38
13	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NOR-NI-NA-TS-T-DXT	10	1	0.63
14	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-CIP-NOR-NI-NA-TS-T	10	1	0.63
15	AUG-AP-CTX-CXM-NI-C	6	1	0.38
16	AP-CXM-NI-C	4	2	0.25
17	AUG-AP-CXM-NI-C	5	1	0.31
18	AUG-AP-CXM-NI-C-TS-T-DXT	8	1	0.50
19	AUG-AP-CXM-NI-C-TS-T	7	1	0.44

SN-serial number, GM-gentamycin, AK-amikacin, AUG-amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, AP-ampicillin, IMI-imipenem, MEM-meropenem, CTX-cefotaxime, CXM-cefuroxime, CIP-ciprofloxacin, NOR-norfloxacin, NI-nitrofurantoin, C-chloramphenicol, NA-nalidixic acid, TS-trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, T-tetracycline, DXT-doxycycline.

Table 4. Patterns of MAR genotypes of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from irrigation water samples

SN	MAR Genotypes	No. of non β-lactamases	No. of β-lactamases	No. of isolates
1	catII- blaFOX- blaCIT	1	2	2
2	catII- blaFOX	1	1	1
3	catII- sulI- blaFOX- blaCIT	2	2	2
4	tetA- catII	2	0	4
5	tetA- catII- blaSHV	2	1	1
6	catII- blaFOX- blaCIT- blaSHV	1	3	1

Key: pAmpC = plasmid mediated AmpC

Figure 4. The prevalence of ARGs in confirmed E. coli O157:H7 isolated from agricultural soil samples. n = number of phenotypically resistant isolates screened for ARGs

Table 5. Patterns of MAR genotypes of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from agricultural soil samples

SN	MAR Genotypes	No. non β-lactamases	No. of β-lactamases	No. of isolates
1	blaFOX- blaCIT	0	2	1
2	catII- blaFOX- blaCIT- blaSHV	1	3	1
3	tetA- sulI- sulII	3	0	1
4	tetA- catII	2	0	1
5	tetA- catII- sulI- sulII	4	0	2
6	tetA- catII- sulI- sulII- blaMOX	4	1	1
7	tetA- tetB- sulI	3	0	2
8	tetA- tetB- catII- sulI	4	0	1
9	tetA- sulI	2	0	2
10	catII- blaEBC	1	1	2
11	tetC- catII- blaEBC	2	1	1
12	tetA- sulI- sulII- blaEBC	3	1	1
13	tetA- tetB- sulI- sulII	4	0	2
14	tetA- catII- blaEBC	2	1	1
15	tetC- catII- blaEBC	2	1	1
16	catII- blaEBC	1	1	2
17	tetA- tetB- sulI- sulII- blaEBC	4	1	1
18	tetA- tetB- catII- sulI- sulII- blaEBC	5	1	1
19	tetA- tetC- catII- sulI- sulII- blaEBC	5	1	1

Key: pAmpC = plasmid mediated AmpC