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Research Article

Influence of the joining technique on the structural behaviour of hybrid timber-steel cross-sections

, , , , &
Received 01 Feb 2024, Accepted 20 May 2024, Published online: 14 Jun 2024

Figures & data

Figure 1. Excerpt of the tested column types in[Citation19].

Figure 1. Excerpt of the tested column types in[Citation19].

Figure 2. Stress-strain curve EP 2 and PUR.

Figure 2. Stress-strain curve EP 2 and PUR.

Table 1. Mechanical properties of the adhesives (lap shear strength on spruce).

Figure 3. Test specimens.

Figure 3. Test specimens.

Figure 4. Specimen geometry, all dimensions in mm.

Figure 4. Specimen geometry, all dimensions in mm.

Figure 5. Manufacture of coated surface with silica sand.

Figure 5. Manufacture of coated surface with silica sand.

Figure 6. Manufacture of milled surface.

Figure 6. Manufacture of milled surface.

Figure 7. Manufacture of the specimens with PMPF.

Figure 7. Manufacture of the specimens with PMPF.

Figure 8. Manufacture of a specimen with adhesive.

Figure 8. Manufacture of a specimen with adhesive.

Figure 9. Test procedure.

Figure 9. Test procedure.

Figure 10. Bolts with and without modified surface.

Figure 10. Bolts with and without modified surface.

Table 2. Results.

Figure 11. Typical failure modes for specimens with bolts.

Figure 11. Typical failure modes for specimens with bolts.

Figure 12. Specimens with PMPF with and without bolts.

Figure 12. Specimens with PMPF with and without bolts.

Figure 13. Fracture patterns of specimens with PMPF.

Figure 13. Fracture patterns of specimens with PMPF.

Figure 14. Test series with adhesive bond with and without bolts.

Figure 14. Test series with adhesive bond with and without bolts.

Figure 15. Fracture patterns of adhesively bonded specimens.

Figure 15. Fracture patterns of adhesively bonded specimens.

Figure 16. Fracture patterns of adhesively bonded specimens with bolts.

Figure 16. Fracture patterns of adhesively bonded specimens with bolts.

Figure 17. Influence of the steel surface.

Figure 17. Influence of the steel surface.

Figure 18. All test series with PMPF.

Figure 18. All test series with PMPF.

Figure 19. Post-peak behaviour specimens PMPF.

Figure 19. Post-peak behaviour specimens PMPF.

Figure 20. All test series with adhesive bonding.

Figure 20. All test series with adhesive bonding.

Figure 21. Post-peak behaviour EP 1.

Figure 21. Post-peak behaviour EP 1.

Figure 22. Load displacement behaviour of all test series.

Figure 22. Load displacement behaviour of all test series.