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Genetics and breeding

An update of Africanization in honey bee (Apis mellifera) populations in Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Pages 611-614 | Received 13 Dec 2016, Accepted 22 May 2018, Published online: 07 Sep 2018
 

Abstract

European and African honey bee populations have been separated and influenced by different environments. Furthermore, Apis mellifera is the only species of honey bees that evolved in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, where several subspecies are recognized. A. m. scutellata was introduced in Brazil in 1956, resulting in the spread of African bees throughout South and Central America. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of Africanized bees in Buenos Aires province (Argentina) employing a mtDNA cytochrome b polymorphism. A total of 430 colonies were sampled between 2013 and 2014; eighteen out of them (4,2%) belonged to African linage. Our results confirm that European haplotypes are the most prevalent in Buenos Aires Province, and that the process of African gene introgression remains stable since 2005.

Actualización del estado de africanización en poblaciones de abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera) en Buenos Aires, Argentina

Las poblaciones de abejas melíferas europeas y africanas han estado separadas e influenciadas por distintos ambientes. Por ello, Apis mellifera es la única especie de abejas que evolucionó en Europa, Medio Oriente y África, dónde pueden reconocerse varias subespecies. La introducción de A. m. scutellata, en Brasil en 1956 resultó en la expansión de la abeja africana a lo largo de Centroamérica y Sudamérica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y distribución geográfica delas abejas africanizadas en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), utilizando un polimorfismo mitocondrial de la región del citocromo b. Fueron muestreadas 430 colonias entre 2013 y 2014, de las cuales 18 (4,2%) resultaron positivas para linajes africanos. Nuestros resultados confirman que los haplotipos europeos son los más prevalentes en la provincia de Buenos Aires. El proceso de introgresión de genes africanos en esta región se ha mantenido estable desde 2005.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr Mariano Bacci (SENASA—Argentina) for the provided information on requeening practice in Argentina.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Grant “Consejo Federal de Inversiones (CFI) (2013–2014). Exp no 13342. Tema: Estudio de zonificación y promoción del sector apícola en la Provincia de Buenos Aires. ETAPA II. Implementación”.

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