The composition of red mason bee cocoons

Figures & data

Figure 1. The three layers of the Osmia bicornis cocoon (magnification 300x) (Photo:PawełMigdał).

Table 1. Proximate composition and gross energy analysis of red mason bee (Osmia bicornisL.) cocoons.

Parameter	Average concentration of composition in dry matter (±SD)
Moisture (%)	5.74 (±1.23)
Crude protein (%)	52.91 (±1.38)
Crude fiber (%)	30.69 (±4.22)
NDF(neutral detergent fiber) (%)	54.03(±2.58)
ADF ( acid detergent fiber) (%)	45.97(±3.26)
Crude fat (%)	3.99 (±0.007)
Gross energy (MJ kg^-1)	16.32 (±0.02)

Table 2. The amino acid content of red mason bee (Osmia bicornisL.) cocoons.

Amino acid	Average concentration in g/kg (±SD)	%of total amino acids
Aspartic acid (Asp)	38.93 (±0.02)	8.32
Threonine(Thr)	18.23 (±0.05)	3.90
Serine (Ser)	36.80 (±0.06)	7.87
Glutamic acid (Glu)	72.96 (±0.03)	15.59
Glycine (Gly)	35.43 (±0.02)	7.57
Alanine (Ala)	87.35 (±0.08)	18.67
Cysteine (Cys)	3.31 (±0.04)	0.71
Valine (Val)	23.71 (±0.03)	5.07
Methionine (Met)	8.05 (±0.07)	1.72
Isoleucine (Ile)	18.14 (±0.04)	3.88
Leucine (Leu)	37.31 (±0.04)	7.96
Tyrosine (Tyr)	5.02 (±0.18)	1.07
Phenylalanine (Phe)	2.93 (±0.03)	0.63
Lysine (Lys)	32.90 (±0.01)	7.03
Tryptophan (Trp)	6.09 (±0.06)	1.30
Histidine (His)	12.91 (±0.04)	2.76
Arginine (Arg)	21.08 (±0.04)	4.51
Proline (Pro)	6.75 (±0.05)	1.44
Total	467.90 (±0.49)	100

Table 3. Mineral content of red mason bee (Osmia bicornisL.) cocoons.

Mineral component	Average concentration in mg/kg(±SD)	The minimum marked value	The maximum marked value
Macro elements
Potassium	41620.288 (±3425.2)^A	36035.83	47752.40
Sodium	1274.791 (±429.28)^B	698.54	2049.85
Calcium	13364.725 (±3803.26)^B	8273.07	23219.08
Magnesium	26767.086 (±3224.86)^C	21725.70	32526.98
Micro elements
Silver	1.02 (±0.24)^A	0.59	1.67
Copper	33.28 (±11.84)^B	12.61	55.38
Manganese	790.2 (±382.37)^C	174.84	1746.57
Iron	173.42 (±61.72)^D	88.84	308
Nickel	2.56 (±1.31)^A	0.63	5.26
Lead	0.99 (±0.43)^A	0.48	1.92
Zinc	4.72 (±1.40)^A	1.86	7.37
Cadmium	152.2 (±20.88)^D	123.19	180.27

Letters A, B, C, D are shown to indicate statistical significance between individual elements content at the P ≤ 0.05 significance level.