Attitudes towards plants – exploring the role of plants’ ecosystem services

Figures & data

Table 1. Items and subscales (the endpoints of the given scales and the corresponding values are written in parentheses).

	Item label	Item text
Subscale attitudes	Plants in school	I want [less (1 … 100) more] plants in school
	Comfortable around plants	I feel [uncomfortable (1 … 100) comfortable] surrounded by plants
	Plants in the city	I want [less (1 … 100) more] plants (e.g. trees) in the city
Subscale interest	Observation	I like to observe and study plants in my spare time. [disagree (1 … 100) agree]
	Gardening	I want to plant and care for plants [disagree (1 … 100) agree]

Table 2. Used codes with corresponding number of coded segments in alphabetical order.

Code	Coded Segments
Cultural ecosystem services – aesthetic considerations	186
Cultural ecosystem services – ambiance	198
Regulating ecosystem service	115
Emotions	26
Interest	73
Negative aspects	62
Social interactions	11

Figure 1. Boxplot of means of all items (n = 162 students). Plants in school: value 1 represents participants want less, value 100 more plants in school; Comfortable around plants: value 1 represents participants felt uncomfortable, value 100 comfortable around plants; Plants in the city: value 1 relates to participants want less, value 100 more plants in their city; Observation: value 1 means “I don’t like to observe and study plants”, value 100 “I like to observe and study plants”; Gardening: value 1 represents “I don’t like to crop and care for plants”, value 100 “I like to crop and care for plants”.

Table 3. Item means and standard deviations with post-hoc LSD.

Item	Mean ± Standard Deviation
Plants in school	77.1 ± 26.0
Comfortable around plants	83.5 ± 21.4
Plants in the city	85.6 ± 22.9
Observation	25.5 ± 29.7
Gardening	56.5 ± 36.7

Table 4. Computed correlations used Spearman-method with listwise-deletion.

	Plants in school	Comfortable around plants	Plants in the city	Observation
Comfortable around plants	.639***
Plants in the city	.343***	.440**
Observation	.202*	.264**	-
Gardening	.410***	.459***	.329***	.254**

***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05.

Table 5. Codes and their usage in the ‘attitude’ subscale and interest items.

Main code	Subcode	Coded segments in attitude subscale [coded segments total = 594] (percentage of total answers for all attitude items)	Coded segments in interest items [coded segments total = 148] (percentage of total answers for all interest items)	Total coded segments [742]
Cultural ecosystem services – aesthetic considerations	Active engagement	0	21 (14.19)	21
	Beauty	108 (18.2)	5 (3.4)	113
	Other aesthetics	23 (3.9)	4 (2.7)	27
Cultural ecosystem services – ambiance	General	115 (19.4)	2 (1.4)	117
	Calmness	35 (5.9)	-	35
	Comfort	40 (6.7)	-	40
	Concentration	4 (0.7)	2 (1.4)	6
Regulating ecosystem service	General	30 (5.1)	3 (2.0)	33
	Temperature	18 (3.0)	-	18
	Air	64 (10.8)	-	64
Emotion	-	16 (2.7)	8 (5.4)	24
Interest	General	1 (0.2)	55 (37.2)	56
	Time investment	-	17 (11.5)	17
Negative aspects	General	24 (5.2)	12 (9.11)	36
	Responsibility	9 (1.5)	6 (4.1)	15
	Fear of insects	7 (1.2)	-	7
Social interaction		-	11 (7.3)	11

Table 6. Items of the ‘attitude’ subscale (with total number of coded segments and percentage per parent code).

Main code	Item Plants in school [coded segments total = 201]	Item Comfortable around plants [coded segments total = 189]	Item Plants in the city [coded segments total = 185]
Cultural ecosystem services – aesthetic considerations	25.1	27.4	26.5
Cultural ecosystem services – ambiance	41.8	40.8	13.5
Regulating ecosystem service	6	7.9	45.3
Emotion	3.6	5.3	0
Negative attitudes	12.7	5.8	2.6