Interrelations Among Adolescents’ Family Connections, Solitude Preferences, Theory of Mind and Perceptions of Academic and Work Competence

Figures & data

Table 1. Means, standard deviations, skew and Pearson correlations (r).

Variable	Mean (SD)	Range	Skew	Age	N. siblings	LA_Parents	Family connection	ToM	LA affinity	LA aversion	Sol + Al	Academic competence	Job competence
Age	14.4 (2.2)	7.7	0.313	1	−0.063 p = 595	−0.110 p = .409	−0.249* p = .037	0.097 p = .420	0.079 p = .527	0.117 p = .338	0.041 p = .733	−0.292* p = .024	0.110 p = .452
N. siblings	0.8 (.81)	3	0.628	−0.063 p = 595	1	−0.031 p = .816	0.058 p = .632	−0.146 p = .220	−0.049 p = .696	0.166 p = .173	−0.239 p = .046	0.031 p = .817	−0.074 p = .615
LA_Parents	36.7 (8.7)	36	−0.871	−0.110 p = .409	−0.031 p = .816	1	0.434** p<.001	0.133 p = .325	−0.132 p = .332	−0.095 p = .485	−0.215 p = .111	0.307* p = .034	0.307* p = .048
Family connection	11.7 (3.1)	12	−1.074	−0.249* p = .037	0.058 p = .632	0.434* p<.001	1	0.176 p = .148	0.120* p = .011	0.107 p = .096	−0.056 p = .057	0.273* p = .027	0.055 p = .606
ToM	14 (3.5)	18	−0.382	0.097 p = .420	−0.146 p = .220	0.133 p = .325	0.176 p = .148	1	0.120 p = .340	0.107 p = .386	−0.056 p = .649	0.273* p = .035	0.055 p = .708
LA affinity	33.9 (7.8)	33	−0.260	0.079 p = .527	−0.049 p = .696	−0.132 p = .332	0.120* p = .011	0.120 p = .340	1	−0.413** p<.001	0.731** p<.001	−0.134 p = .330	−0.066 p = .664
LA aversion	31.3 (7.0)	32	−0.007	0.117 p = .338	0.166 p = .173	−0.095 p = .485	0.107 p = .096	0.107 p = .386	−0.413** p<.001	1	−0.245* p = .046	−0.016 p = .903	−0.040 p = .789
Sol + Al	32.4 (11.5)	48	0.271	0.041 p = .733	−0.239* p = .046	−0.215 p = .111	−0.056 p = .057	−0.056 p = .649	.731** p<.001	−0.245* p = .046	1	−0.163 p = .227	−0.056 p = .656
Academic competence	15.5 (4.5)	13	−0.698	−0.292* p = .024	0.031 p = .817	0.307* p = .034	0.273* p = .027	0.273* p = .035	−0.134 p = .330	−0.016 p = .903	−0.163 p = .227	1	0.369* p = .012
Job competence	14.8 (3.5)	15	0.661	0.110 p = .452	−0.074 p = .615	0.307* p = .048	0.055 p = .606	0.055 p = .708	0.664* p = −.040	−0.040 p = .789	−0.056 p  =  656	0.369* p = .012	1

Notes: *Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed). **Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed).

Table 2. Thematic content of written explanations for ‘how happy are you with your family’? (N = 73).

Theme:	Frequency count	Not happy	Neither happy nor sad	Happy
N	73	6	16	51
Confrontation/disputes	7/73 (9.6%)	3	2	2
Judgment/comparison to others	4/73 (5.5%)	1	2	1
Relationship changing over time	2/73 (2.7%)	0	2	0
Wanting solitude	2/73 (2.7%)	1	1	0
Physical distance as a barrier	2/73 (2.7%)	1	1	0
Siblings	4/73 (5.5%)	1	1	2
Pets	2/73 (2.7%)	0	0	2
Support	8/73 (11.0%)	0	0	8
Feeling/knowing you are loved	9/73 (12.3%)	0	1	8
Feeling safe/comfortable	4/73 (5.5%)	0	1	3
Source of happiness/fun	6/73 (8.2%)	0	1	5
Unconditional love/accepting flaws	6/73 (8.2%)	0	0	6
Provision of resources	3/73 (4.1%)	0	1	2