Figures & data
Figure 1. Gartner’s “Hype cycle” for artificial intelligence, 2021 (Gartner Citation2021). © 2021. Gartner. All Rights Reserved. Reproduced with permission.
Figure 2. AI, machine learning and deep learning.
Figure 3. Traditional statistics versus ML – courtesy Simone Vantini (ENBIS Workshop, July 12-13, 2021 - Interpretability for Industry 4.0). The notion of transduction, or going from specific training cases to specific test cases, was introduced in the AI/ML literature by V. Vapnik (see Vapnik Citation1998).
