Self-Reported Gender Identity and Sexuality in an Online Sample of Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender-Diverse Individuals: An Exploratory Study

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the Multi-Gender Identity Questionnaire Variables

Variable	ANOVA	p
Feeling as a man	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6097) = 47.81	p < .001
	Gender: F(2, 6097) = 3013.32	p < .001
	Sex X Gender: F(2, 6097) = 5.03	p < .01
Feeling as a woman	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6096) = 1.46	p = .23
	Gender: F(2, 6096) = 3094.20	p < .001
	Sex X Gender: F(2, 6096) =.87	p = .42
Feeling as both genders	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6093) = 2.72	p = .10
	Sex-gender configuration: F(2, 6093) = 945.52	p < .001
	Sex X Configuration: F(2, 6093) = .94	p = .39
Feeling as neither gender	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6074) = 35.13	p < .001
	Sex-gender configuration: F(2, 6074) = 738.52	p < .001
	Sex X Configuration: F(2, 6074) = 10.53	p < .001
Satisfaction with one’s affirmed gender	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 5242) = 7.46	p < .01
	Sex-gender configuration: F(1, 5242) = .54	p = .46
	Sex X Configuration: F (1, 5242) = 12.06	p = .001
Wish to be the “other” gender	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 4828) = .02	p = .89
	Sex-gender configuration: F(1, 4828) = 63.19	p < .001
	Sex X Configuration: F(1, 4828) = 4.55	p = .03
Dislike of one’s sexed body	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 5945) = 2.27	p = 0.13
	Sex-gender configuration: F(2, 5945) = 1114.87	p < .001
	Sex X Configuration: F(2, 5945) = .73	p = .48
Wish to have the body of the “other” sex	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6077) = 4.52	p = .03
	Sex-gender configuration: F(2, 6077) = 1460.61	p < .001
	Sex X Configuration: F(2, 6077) = 9.78	p < .001
Feeling as a “real” man	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6058) = 111.86	p < .001
	Gender: F(2, 6058) = 1496.77	p < .001
	Sex X Gender: F(2, 6058) = 3.17	p = .04
Feeling as a “real” woman	Sex assigned at birth: F(1, 6079) = 78.29	p < .001
	Gender: F(2, 6079) = 1474.10	p < .001
	Sex X Gender: F(2, 9607) = 17.85	p < .001

Table 2. Cohen’s d for Significant Comparisons Between Gender and Sex-Gender Configuration Categories

Variable	Men-Women	Men-Gender Diverse	Women-Gender Diverse	Interaction with sex assigned at birth
Feeling as a man	4.52	1.91	1.44	CW vs. TW: 0.39
				MG vs. FG: 0.32
Feeling as a woman	4.29	1.52	1.77	n.s.
	Cis-Trans	Cis-Gender Diverse	Trans-Gender Diverse
Feeling as both genders	0.59	2.12	1.32	n.s.
Feeling as neither gender	0.47	1.65	1.16	CM vs. MG: 1.42
				CW vs. FG: 1.74
				CM vs. TW: 0.36
				TW vs. MG: 1.11
				CW vs. TM: 0.73
				TM vs. FG: 0.99
				MG vs. FG: 0.29
				TW vs. TM: 0.41
Satisfied being the affirmed gender	n.s.	- ^a	- ^a	TM vs. TW: 0.32
Wish to be the “other” gender	0.62	- ^a	- ^a	n.s.
Dislike of one’s sexed body	2.30	1.08	1.01	n.s.
Wish to have the body of the “other” sex	1.64	1.34	0.68	CM vs. TW: 1.38
				CW vs. TM: 2.09
				CM vs. MQ: 1.39
				MG vs. TW: 0.41
				CW vs. FG: 1.34
				FG vs. TM: 0.96
				CM vs. CW: 0.20
				MG vs. FG: 0.30
	Men-Women	Men-Gender Diverse	Women-Gender Diverse
Feeling as a “real” man	2.70	1.88	0.69	CM vs. TM: 0.26
				TW vs. CW: 0.39
				MG vs. FG: 0.49
Feeling as a “real” woman	3.75	0.92	1.53	CM vs. TM: n.s.
				TW vs. CW: 0.54
				MG vs. FG: 0.39

CM: Cisgender Men; CW: Cisgender Women; MG: Male-assigned Gender-diverse; FG: Female-assigned Gender-diverse; TM: Transgender Men; TW: Transgender Women

All p’s < .001

^a The gender-diverse group was not included in the analysis of satisfied being the affirmed gender and wish to be the “other” gender.

Figure 1. (a–b) Scatter plots and (c) mean and standard deviation of feeling as a man (x-axis) and feeling as a woman (y-axis) in the three gender groups (marked in different colors) in male-assigned (a), female-assigned (b), and all (c) participants. (d–e) Scatter plots and (f) mean and standard deviation of feeling as both genders (x-axis) and feeling as neither gender (y-axis) in the three gender groups in male-assigned (d), female-assigned (e), and all (f) participants. The size of each circle is proportional to the percent of individuals from a given gender category with an identical score on the two measures.

Figure 2. Scatter plots of the nonbinary score in the six sex-gender configuration groups. The size of each circle is proportional to the percent of individuals from a given gender category with an identical score.

Figure 3. (a–b) Scatter plots and (c) mean and standard deviation of satisfied being the affirmed gender (x-axis) and wish to be the “other” gender (y-axis) in the three gender groups (marked in different colors) in male-assigned (a), female-assigned (b), and all (c) participants. (d–e) Scatter plots and (f) mean and standard deviation of dislike of the body due to its sexed form (x-axis) and wish to have the body of the “other” sex (y-axis) in the three gender groups in male-assigned (d), female-assigned (e), and all (f) participants. The size of each circle is proportional to the percent of individuals from a given gender category with an identical score on the two measures.

Figure 4. (a–c) Scatter plots and (d) mean and standard deviation of feeling as a “real” man (x-axis) and feeling as a “real” woman (y-axis) in the three gender groups in male-assigned and female-assigned participants (marked in different colors). The size of each circle is proportional to the percent of individuals from a given gender category with an identical score on the two measures.

Figure 5. A comparison of a principal component analysis of all the variables from the Multi-GIQ and sexuality questionnaires in the six sex-gender configuration groups. Parallel components are marked in an identical color.