Morphological plasticity in brown-rot fungi: Antrodia is redefined to encompass both poroid and corticioid species

ABSTRACT

Most known brown rot–producing species of Polyporales belong to the so-called “Antrodia clade” that largely consists of poroid species. In this study, we use three genetic markers to revise Antrodia s. str., the core group of this clade. We show that a corticioid species with a smooth hymenophore, Phlebia griseoflavescens, belongs to Antrodia s. str. Accordingly, we revise the generic concept of Antrodia s. str. to accommodate this species and two recently described poroid taxa, A. tenerifensis and A. multiformis. In addition, we describe two new poroid species within Antrodia s. str., A. latebrosa from Africa and A. peregrina from East Asia, and provide new documentation for the Southeast Asian species A. parvula based on recent collections from the type location.

KEYWORDS:

• Hymenophore
• phlebioid fungi
• rpb1
• taxonomy
• wood-inhabiting fungi
• 3 new taxa

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The editor P. B. Matheny and two anonymous referees helped us improve the manuscript. The curators of herbaria S, TAAM, LE, BPI, and GB are thanked for providing specimens for loan. Rasmus Puusepp did most of the DNA work at Tartu University. Heidi Tamm (Tartu) and José Cerca (Oslo) kindly consulted with the phylogenetic analyses. Anton Savchenko (Tartu) and Mariya Pukinskaya (St. Petersburg) helped with preparing photographs.

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Funding

The research of K.R. was funded by the Estonian Centre of Environmental Investments (project 11061) and the Estonian Research Council (grant IUT 34-7 to Asko Lõhmus), O.M. by the European Commission Marie Curie (grant PIOF-GA-2011-302349), and J.V. by institutional support RVO 60077344.