The role of Pleistocene glaciations in shaping the genetic structure of South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis)

Figures & data

Figure 1  Distribution of South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) breeding activity and location of colonies sampled. Coloured areas correspond to the different breeding clumps: dark grey, Uruguay; light grey, southern Chile–Isla de los Estados; black, northern Chile–central Peru. CP (Cabo Polonio), IL (Isla de Lobos), RP (Rio de la Plata), IG (Isla Guafo).

Figure 2  Genealogical relationships between South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis) haplotypes. Circle areas are proportional to haplotype frequencies and length of the branches to the number of changes from one haplotype to the following. Black, Cabo Polonio; grey, Isla de Lobos; white, Rio de la Plata; cross-hatched, Isla Guafo. Cytochrome b haplotypes previously found for control region haplotypes 02, 03 and 06 between brackets.

Figure 3  MDIV results for the posterior distribution of T (population divergence time) between Atlantic and Pacific populations of South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis).

Table 1  Parameters estimated under the Stepwise expansion model for Atlantic and Pacific populations of South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis).

	Parameters	Atlantic	Pacific
Stepwise model^1	θ0=2uN 0	0.000 [0.000–3.945]	0.000 [0.000–16.636]
	θ1=2uN 1	15.148 [8.507–78.312]	103.552 [57.809–99 999]
	τ = 2ut	13.479 [3.729–19.930]	35.246 [21.465–41.557]
	P (obs vs. sim)	0.677	0.001
Raggedness index	r	0.012	0.047
	P	0.787	0.194
Expansion time (BP)	t	293 673	767 920
Note: ^1Parameters are given as estimates (95% confidence limits).