Spatial and seasonal variations in the water quality of Jinhae Bay, Korea

Figures & data

Figure 1  Map of the study area indicating locations of sampling stations.

Figure 2  Spatial distributions of temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in the surface waters of Jinhae Bay in winter.

Figure 3  Spatial distributions of temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in the surface waters of Jinhae Bay in spring.

Figure 4  Spatial distributions of temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in the surface waters of Jinhae Bay in summer.

Figure 5  Spatial distributions of temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in the surface waters of Jinhae Bay in autumn.

Table 1  Annually-averaged values of water quality parameters in Masan, Hangam, Jindong and Gohyun Bays.

Bays	Temp. (°C)	Salinity	NH4 ^+ (µM)	NO3 ^−(µM)	PO4 ^−(µM)	Si (µM)	Chl a (µg L^−1)	POC (mg L^−1)	DOC (mg L^−1)	DO (mg L^−1)	SS (mg L^−1)	pH
Masan	16.3±8.13	29.1±3.71	4.89±8.20	4.93±4.44	0.41±0.32	13.9±9.04	9.76±8.20	0.89±0.51	1.34±0.40	8.56±1.63	17.5±10.2	8.07±0.20
Hangam	16.8±7.86	28.9±3.70	6.90±11.4	7.02±5.38	0.36±0.24	10.4±7.62	13.6±8.55	1.11±0.50	1.12±0.38	8.94±1.80	20.2±8.87	7.99±0.30
Jindong	16.9±9.13	29.1±3.70	1.26±0.80	2.35±2.17	0.36±0.29	13.3±9.05	3.12±2.50	0.47±0.24	1.33±0.39	8.36±1.48	14.5±8.72	7.95±0.23
Gohyun	16.1±8.10	29.4±2.76	1.14±0.95	1.38±1.69	0.34±0.28	9.27±7.97	4.39±2.11	0.62±0.61	1.32±0.46	8.59±1.57	16.2±10.6	8.03±0.25

Table 2  Daily discharge rates of fresh water, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) into the four bays. Data are from KORDI (1996).

	Fresh water	TN	TP
Bays	(kg day^−1)	(kg day^−1)	(kg day^−1)
Masan	640,707	26,485	1,781
Hangam	148,127	1,419	240
Gohyun	142,994	744	94
Jindong	271,522	786	72

Figure 6  Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in Masan Bay (red line), Hangam Bay (green line), Jindong Bay (blue line) and Gohyun Bay (yellow line).

Figure 7  Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, POC, DOC, SS, DO and pH in surface and deep waters in Jinhae Bay. Closed circles indicate surface water and open circles deep water.

Table 3  Correlation matrix of water quality parameters in the surface waters of Jinhae Bay (P-values < 0.05 are in bold).

Parameters	Temp.	Salinity	NH4	NO3	PO4	Si(OH)4	Chl-ā	POC	DOC	SS	DO	pH
Temp.	1
Salinity	−0.63	1
NH4	0.20	−0.50	1
NO3	0.35	−0.52	0.73	1
PO4	0.33	−0.44	0.20	0.54	1
Si(OH)4	0.46	−0.63	0.52	0.51	0.60	1
Chl a	0.14	−0.49	0.79	0.58	0.22	0.38	1
POC	0.20	−0.63	0.73	0.61	0.22	0.35	0.93	1
DOC	0.05	−0.24	−0.02	−0.12	−0.19	0.23	−0.07	0.05	1
SS	0.18	−0.37	0.51	0.66	0.17	0.06	0.50	0.68	0.09	1
DO	0.07	−0.30	0.20	0.01	−0.33	−0.28	0.46	0.57	0.05	0.25	1
pH	−0.11	−0.27	0.26	0.19	0.05	0.21	0.49	0.56	0.11	0.12	0.57	1

Table 4  Water quality parameter loadings in the first four Varimax rotated principal components for seasonally averaged water quality data collected from the surface waters of Jinhae Bay (loadings >0.6 are bolded).

Parameters	PC 1	PC 2	PC 3	PC4
Temperature	0.32	0.31	−0.26	0.68
Salinity	−0.48	−0.38	−0.21	−0.68
NH4	0.74	0.30	0.30	0.03
NO3	0.78	0.48	0.03	0.00
PO4	0.21	0.84	−0.07	−0.02
Si(OH)4	0.13	0.84	0.21	0.38
Chl-a	0.71	0.17	0.57	−0.01
POC	0.78	0.08	0.56	0.16
DOC	−0.19	−0.13	0.16	0.72
SS	0.87	−0.11	−0.05	0.10
DO	0.35	−0.55	0.59	0.21
pH	0.10	0.04	0.91	0.04
Eignvalue	3.59	2.34	2.10	1.66
% of variance	29.9	19.5	17.5	13.9
Cumulative%	29.9	49.4	66.9	80.7

KORDI (Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute) 1996 . A study on coastal zone utilization and integrated management . KORDI Annual Report, BSPN00322-968-7. South Korea, KORDI. 682 p .

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