Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: disease burden for patients, caregivers, and the health-care system

Figures & data

Figure 1. Key Differences Between HFpEF and HFrEF [1,10]. HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; LV, left ventricle

Figure 2. Time to Death or Rehospitalization Because of HF in Patients Who Were Hospitalized for HF in the CHARM Study Stratified by EF and Prior HF Hospitalization [28]. EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure. Figure reproduced from Bello NA, Claggett B, Desai AS, et al. Influence of previous heart failure hospitalization on cardiovascular events in patients with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Circulation: Heart Failure 2014;7(4):590–595. https://www.ahajournals.org/journal/circheartfailure, with permission from Wolters Kluwer Health

Figure 3. The Effect of the Number of Noncardiac Comorbidities on the Risk of All-Cause Hospitalization in Patients With HFpEF. Error bars represent the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval, and the log hazard ratios are statistically significant (P<.001 based on the Cox proportional hazard model) [38]. Reprinted from the Journal of the American College of Cardiology 59(11), Ather S, Chan W, Bozkurt B, et al., Impact of noncardiac comorbidities on morbidity and mortality in a predominantly male population with heart failure and preserved versus reduced ejection fraction, pg. 998–1005, Copyright 2012, with permission from Elsevier

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128(16):e240–e327.

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Bello NA, Claggett B, Desai AS, et al. Influence of previous heart failure hospitalization on cardiovascular events in patients with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(4):590–595.

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Ather S, Chan W, Bozkurt B, et al. Impact of noncardiac comorbidities on morbidity and mortality in a predominantly male population with heart failure and preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(11):998–1005.

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