Management of disease-related malnutrition: a real-world experience with a novel concentrated high-protein energy-dense oral nutritional supplement

Figures & data

Table 1. Muscle ultrasound findings of the anterior rectum before (v1) and after the nutritional intervention (v3). The figure shows the (a) longitudinal and (b) transversal basal section before nutritional intervention and after it (c and d, respectively).

Parameters	Case 1 (female 84-yrs)		Case 2 (female 61-yrs)		Case 3 (male 78-yrs)
	Baseline	Last visit	Baseline	Last visit	Baseline	Last visit
Penation angle (º)	7,91	7,21	4,81	6,67	3,43	5,2
Transversal area ACSA (cm^2)	2,11	2,11	2,72	2,78	2,47	2,85
Muscular thickness T (cm)	0,73	0,74	1,01	0,94	0,81	0,89
Muscular strength (N)	686	679	634	674	541	649
Resistance (Ω)	556	564	684	692	472	516
Reactance (Ω)	45	48	77	85	41	69
Phase Angle (º)	4,6	4,9	6,4	7,0	5,0	7,7
Total body water (TBW) (LT)	30,9	30,8	25,1	24,8	41,5	38,8
Fat mass (Kg/%)	8,42	9,55	4,80	4,40	18,10	18,50
	(17.80)	(20.10)	(11.8)	(10.08)	(25.9)	(27.8)
Muscle mass (Kg/%)	23,00	24,50	24,50	26,10	31,80	34,40
	(48.60)	(49.30)	(60.10)	(66.40)	(45.56)	(51.57)

ACSA: Transversal Area or Anatomical Cross-Sectional Area; BIA: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.

Figure 1. (a) measurement of muscle ultrasound images upon arrival at the endocrinology and nutrition unit. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 0.73 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.11 cm², (b) measurement of muscle ultrasound images at 3 months of intervention, during outpatient follow-up. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 0.74 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.11 cm².

Figure 2. (a) measurement of muscle ultrasound images before intervention. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 1.01 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.72. (b) measurement of muscle ultrasound images at 3 month of intervention. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 0.94 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.78.

Figure 3. (a) measurement of muscle ultrasound images before intervention. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 0.81 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.47. (b) measurement of muscle ultrasound images at 3 month of intervention. Muscle thickness (Y-axis): 0.89 cm; muscle is in cm²: 2.85.

Data availability statement

All relevant data are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.