Influence of iron nanopowder addition on the densification of chromium-prealloyed water-atomised powder metallurgy steel admixed with nickel

Figures & data

Figure 1. Thermogravimetric curves for (a) CrA + Ni + C and (b) CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP.

Table 1. Details of TG.

	CrA + Ni + C		CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP
	Powder	Compact	Powder	Compact
Peak temperature, °C	309	366	364	396
Total mass loss, %	0.28	0.34	0.65	0.82

Table 2. Carbon and oxygen analysis.

Material	Carbon, wt.%		Oxygen, wt.%
	Powder	After sintering	Powder	After sintering
CrA + Ni + C	0.27	0.2	0.15	0.01
CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP	0.27	0.13	0.36	0.007

Figure 2. Sintering curves of (a) CrA + Ni + C and CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP and (b) shrinkage rate curves during the heating cycle.

Figure 3. Plot showing green and sintered density.

Figure 4. Optical micrographs of (a–c) CrA + Ni + C and (d–f) CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP sintered compact. Phases identified as P, B, M and F are pearlite, bainite, martensite and ferrite.

Figure 5. JMatPro calculations for the amount of phases with nickel in (a) CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP, (b) CrA + Ni + C and without nickel in (c) CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP and (d) CrA + Ni + C.

Figure 6. Band contrast along with KAM maps and EDS analysis of nickel for (a–c) CrA + Ni + C, (d–f) CrA + Ni + C + Fe NP sintered compacts and (g) misorientation frequency plots.