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Articles

“We Plant Only Cotton to Maximize Our Earnings”: The Paradox of Food Sovereignty in Rural Telengana, India

Pages 586-594 | Published online: 12 Jan 2015
 

Abstract

This article critically examines the role of food sovereignty interventions in the mitigation of the impacts of neoliberal economic policies on poor farmers in the Telengana region of India. Findings based on eighteen months of ethnographic research in the Telengana region reveal that small and poor farmers face socioeconomic and cultural constraints to the adoption of food sovereignty practices and ideals. Food sovereignty prescriptions based on localized, sustainable, and subsistence agriculture paradoxically constrained farmers’ chances of maintaining viable rural livelihoods in a harsh economic climate. Based on these findings, I argue that contrary to assertions by advocates that food sovereignty is a precondition to genuine food security, farmers must first have food and livelihood security to exercise true food sovereignty that allows them more control over their livelihoods.

本文批判性地检视, 在减轻新自由主义经济政策对印度泰伦迦纳区域的贫穷农民造成的冲击中, 粮食安全的介入所扮演的角色。我于泰伦迦纳区域进行的十八个月民族志调查之研究发现, 显示小型且贫困的小农民, 在採纳粮食主权的实践和理念上, 面临着社会经济与文化的限制。根据在地化、可持续且自给自足式农业的粮食主权规范, 矛盾地限制了农民在严酷的经济环境中, 维持切实可行的农村生计的机会。我根据这些发现主张, 与倡议粮食主权作为真实的粮食安全的先决条件相反的是, 农民必须首先获得粮食与生计安全, 才能实践使其更能控制自身生计的真正粮食主权。

Este artículo examina críticamente el papel de las intervenciones de la soberanía alimentaria en la mitigación de los impactos ejercidos por políticas económicas neoliberales sobre los agricultores pobres de la región Telengana, en la India. Los hallazgos logrados con base en dieciocho meses de investigación etnográfica en esa región revelan que los agricultores pequeños y pobres tienen que enfrentar restricciones socioeconómicas y culturales para la adopción de las prácticas e ideales de la soberanía alimentaria. Las prescripciones de la soberanía alimentaria basada en una agricultura localizada, sostenible y de subsistencia paradójicamente restringen las oportunidades de los agricultores de mantener un sistema de vida rural viable en medio de un clima económico difícil. Basándome en estos hallazgos, sostengo que al contrario de lo que proclaman sus mentores, en el sentido de ver la soberanía alimentaria como condición previa para una genuina seguridad alimentaria, los agricultores primero deben tener comida y seguridad de medios de vida para ejercer una verdadera soberanía alimentaria que les permita mayor control sobre su subsistencia.

Notes

1Pseudonyms are used for the NGO, villages, and farmers.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Elizabeth Louis

ELIZABETH LOUIS is a Visiting Scholar in the Research Program at East-West Center, Honolulu, HI 96848. E-mail: [email protected]. Her research interests include the political economy and political ecology of agriculture, alternative food and agriculture movements, alternative consumption, rural livelihoods, and water, health, and sanitation in rural India.

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