https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-0347
Figures & data
Figure 1. Trust in different types of organised interests, Source: Lisi et al. (Citation2021). . Notes: (1) question wording: ‘In general, do you think that most civil society organisations can be trusted or, on the contrary, do you think that care is little?’ (2) 1: All care is little; 5: Most organisations can be trusted.
Figure 2. Perceptions on the role of interest groups in the political system, Source: Lisi et al. (Citation2021). Notes: (1) a, question wording: ‘Some say that civil society organisations in Portugal are very necessary for the proper functioning of our political system. Other people think that these organisations are not at all necessary for the proper functioning of the political system. Using a scale between 1 (organisations are not necessary at all) to 5 (organisations are very necessary), where would you position yourself?’; (2) b, question wording: ‘In your opinion, do you consider the general contribution of interest groups to democracy to be positive or negative?’; Scale: from 1 (negative) to 5 (positive).
Figure 3. Citizens’ perceptions on distinct dimensions of representative democracies. Source: see .
Notes: (1) Question wording: ‘Thinking now about the role that these organisations can play, in general, in the political system, what is your opinion regarding the following statements?’ (2) scale: 1 (negative opinions); 5: (positive opinions).
Table 1. Predicting citizens’ institutional support towards interest groups.
Table 2. Predicting citizen attitudes towards the role of interest groups for democratic governance (OLS regression).
Table 3. Predicting citizen attitudes towards the role of interest groups for democratic governance: full model (OLS regression).