Risk of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori infection in a 15-year follow-up

Figures & data

Table 1. Follow-up data for total study population and three subgroups, and on referral actions carried out in men from 1994–1996 to 2011.

	Biomarker test		Persons	Person	Actions and tests
Subgroup	SPG1 μg/L	HpAb (IgG)	Number	Years	Carried out in each group
Healthy	25+	<30	5232	79,928	SPG1 assayed in 1994–1996
					HpAb status assayed in 2014 from serum samples taken in 1994–1996
					No active clinical interventions in 1994–1996
H. pylori infection	25+	30+	6178	92,533	SPG1 assayed in 1996–1996
					HpAb status assayed in 2014 from serum samples taken in 1994–1996
					No active clinical interventions in 1994–1996
Atrophic gastritis	<25	any	606	8658	SPG1 assayed in 1994–1996
					HpAb status assayed in 2014 from serum samples taken in 1994–1996
					All referred in 1994–1996 to consultation, treatment, endoscopies and surveillance in local hospitals or health care centers
Whole sample	any	any	12,016	181,118	All 16,872 men born 1929–1949 in two cities were invited to the SPG1 test in 1994–1996
					12,016 men could be tested for SPG1 and HpAb (IgG) status from same serum samples taken in 1994–1996
					SPG1 was assayed in 1994–1996 and HpAb status in 2014
					Follow-up of the study cohort from 1994 to 2011 by Finnish Cancer Registry

Table 2. Cancer registry based observed and expected incidence and SIR of gastric cancer in three subgroups and in whole study population during the follow-up from 1994–1996 to 2011.

Subgroup, cancer type and site	SPG1 μg/L	HpAb (IgG)	Obs.	Exp.	SIR	95%SD
Healthy	25+	<30
Gastric cancer
Distal stomach			5	25	0.20	0.01–0.39
Cardia			2	7	0.29	0.01–0.73
Stomach, all sites			7	32	0.22^a	0.04–0.40
Total cancer, any site			1403	1341	1.05	0.97–1.16
H. pylori infection	25+	30+
Gastric cancer
Distal stomach			37	31	1.19	0.62–1.76
Cardia			13	8	1.63	0.19–3.06
Stomach, all sites			50	39	1.28	0.75–1.82
Total cancer, any site			1692	1642	1.03	0.96–1.13
Atrophic gastritis	<25	any
Gastric cancer
Distal stomach			6	3	2.00	0.01–4.77
Cardia			2	1	2.00	0.01–6.80
Stomach, all sites			8	4	2.00	0.01–4.40
Total cancer, any site			167	165	1.01	0.79–1.32
Whole sample	any	any
Gastric cancer
Distal stomach			48	60	0.80	0.50–1.10
Cardia			17	15	1.13	0.35–1.92
Stomach, all sites			65	75	0.87	0.58–1.15
Total cancer, any site			3262	3146	1.04	0.99–1.10

^a p = 0.009.

Table 3. Cancer registry based observed and expected incidence and SIR of gastric cancer in three subgroups in different time periods of follow-up from 1994–1996 to 2011.

Subgroup, cancer type and site	SPG1 μg/L	HpAb (IgG)	Obs.	Exp.	SIR	95%SD
Healthy	25+	<30
Gastric cancer
Follow-up 0–2 years			1	3	0.33	0.01–1.62
Follow-up 2–9 years			3	14	0.21^a	0.04–0.62
Follow-up 10 + years			3	14	0.21^a	0.04–0.62
H. pylori infection	25+	30+
Gastric cancer
Follow-up 0–2 years			4	4	1.00	0.25–2.32
Follow-up 2–9 years			17	17	1.00	0.57–1.55
Follow-up 10 + years			29	17	1.71	0.68–2.72
Atrophic gastritis	<25	any
Gastric cancer
Follow-up 0–2 years			2	0.5	4.00	0.50–14.83
Follow-up 2–9 years			2	2	1.00	0.13–3.97
Follow-up 10 + years			4	2	2.37	0.65–6.06
Whole sample	any	any
Gastric cancer
Follow-up 0–2 years			7	8	0.88	0.32–1.73
Follow-up 2–9 years			22	33	0.67	0.41–1.00
Follow-up 10 + years			36	34	1.06	0.75–1.48
Total cancer
Follow-up 0–2 years			215	214	1.00	0.87–1.14
Follow-up 2–9 years			1384	1325	1.04	0.99–1.08
Follow-up 10 + years			1663	1608	1.03	0.99–1.07

^a p = 0.025.

Table 4. The risk ratios (RR) and CI95% of risk ratios of gastric cancer between the subgroups by site of cancer from 1994–1996 to 2011.

Site of cancer	Between H. pylori and healthy mucosa	Between atrophic gastritis (AG) and H. pylori infection	Between atrophic gastritis (AG) and healthy mucosa
Distal stomach	6.0 (2.3–19. 0)	1.7 (0.6–4.0)	10.0 (2.5–41.0)
	p = 0.001	p = 0.276	p = 0.001
Cardia	5.7 (1.3–52.0)	1.2 (0.1–5.4)	7.0 (0.5–97.0)
	p = 0.064	p = 0.867	p = 0.148
Stomach, all sites	5.8 (2.7–15.3)	1.6 (0.6–3.3)	9.1 (2.9–30.0)
	p = 0.000	p = 0.283	p = 0.000