Patient preferences in treatment options of ulcerative colitis: a discrete choice experiment

Figures & data

Figure 1. Method of this patient preference study.

Figure 2. Example of a choice set.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics.

		Total (n = 172)
Age (years)	Median (IQR)	39 (29–54)
Female sex	N (%)	133 (77.3%)
Educational degree
Primary school	N (%)	3 (1.7%)
Secondary school	N (%)	22 (12.8%)
Vocational education	N(%)	44 (25.6%)
Higher professional education	N (%)	64 (37.2%)
University	N (%)	38 (22.1%)
Other	N (%)	1 (0.6%)
Age at diagnosis	Median (IQR)	28 (21–38)
Disease duration (years)	Median (IQR)	8 (3–16)
Disease location at diagnosis
Proctitis	N (%)	82 (47.7%)
Leftsided colitis	N (%)	78 (45.3%)
Pancolitis	N (%)	–
Unknown	N (%)	12 (7%)
Medical history
Prior treatment
Prior immunomodulator	N (%)	80 (46.5%)
Prior ≥ 1 biologic	N (%)	61 (35.5%)
Prior ≥ 2 biologic	N (%)	30 (17.4%)
Prior small molecule	N (%)	10 (5.8%)
Current treatment
None	N (%)	13 (7.6%)
Immunomodulator	N (%)	50 (29.1%)
Anti-TNF	N (%)	38 (22.1%)
VDZ / UST	N (%)	26 (15.1%)
JAK inhibitor	N (%)	11 (6.4%)
Ostomy	N (%)	11 (6.4%)
Experiencing adverse events	N (%)	51 (29.7%)
Disease activity
Abdominal pain	Mean (SD)	4 (2)
Rectal bleeding	Mean (SD)	3 (2)
Disease activity	Median (IQR)	4 (2–7)

Table 2. Utilities of attributes in all patients.

Attributes	Levels	Average overall utility per level (SD)	Overall RI (95%)
Location of administration	Hospital	−13.280 (33.133)	8.72 (7.83 − 9.60)
	First hospital, thereafter at home	2.205 (20.239)
	Home	11.075 (21.053)
Chance of reduction of symptoms after eight weeks	15%	−60.474 (27.306)	19.47 (18.30 − 20.64)
	30%	8.058 (14.863)
	45%	52.416 (28.573)
Chance of reduction of symptoms after one year	15%	−79.659 (36.089)	27.68 (25.99 − 29.37)
	30%	−4.265 (13.281)
	45%	83.924 (37.984)
Route of administation	Oral	12.698 (40.779)	13.29 (11.95 − 14.63)
	Subcutaneous	10.715 (26.130)
	Intraveneous	−24.695 (41.286)
	First intraveneous, thereafter subcutaneous	1.282 (24.932)
Chance of adverse events	5%	19.918 (15.251)	8.51 (7.96 − 9.05)
	10%	5.631 (17.171)
	15%	−5.268 (16.402)
	20%	−20.281 (14.982)
Chance of infection	20%	62.663 (20.348)	22.33 (21.42 − 23.25)
	30%	24.761 (19.119)
	40%	−19.631 (17.020)
	50%	−67.793 (25.866)

Table 3. Utilities of attributes in biologic and/or small molecule experienced and naive patients.

		In biologic / small molecule experienced patients (n = 91)		In biologic / small molecule naive patients (n = 81)
Attributes	Levels	Average overall utility per level (SD)	Overall RI (95%)	Average overall utility per level (SD)	Overall RI (95%)	p-value
Location of administration	Hospital	−9.807 (18.760)	6.93 (6.05–7.82)	−9.927 (40.768)	9.68 (8.24 − 11.12)	0.007
	First hospital, thereafter at home	5.948 (21.707)		10.604 (19.304)
	Home	3.859 (17.300)		−0.676 (26.337)
Chance of reduction of symptoms after eight weeks	15%	−64.831 (21.774)	20.52 (19.04-22.01)	−54.931 (30.644)	18.30 (16.50 − 20.11)	0.049
	30%	7.592 (15.344)		4.208 (14.254)
	45%	57.238 (22.986)		50.724 (30.101)
Chance of reduction of symptoms after one year	15%	−79.334 (24.953)	28.28 (26.35 − 30.20)	−73.865 (38.235)	25.08 (22.70 − 27.46)	0.029
	30%	−10.807 (13.704)		0.435 (13.829)
	45%	90.141 (30.029)		73.429 (38.197)
Route of administration	Oral	28.914 (20.234)	10.41 (9.27 − 11.55)	16.529 (42.332)	16.72 (14.86 − 18.58)	<0.001
	Subcutaneous	1.997 (13.633)		13.866 (36.998)
	Intraveneous	−21.259 (23.510)		−34.080 (48.709)
	First intraveneous, thereafter subcutaneous	−9.651 (14.868)		3.685 (31.888)
Chance of adverse events	5%	20.841 (14.691)	10.58 (9.70 − 11.47)	23.417 (17.096)	9.50 (8.73 − 10.26)	0.059
	10%	15.161 (17.654)		0.003 (17.737)
	15%	−4.291 (19.067)		−6.326 (20.449)
	20%	−31.711 (16.603)		−17.095 (17.400)
Chance of infection	20%	57.973 (18.765)	23.28 (22.12 − 24.43)	59.290 (20.812)	20.71 (19.27 − 22.16)	0.003
	30%	40.278 (21.755)		15.603 (20.947)
	40%	−22.847 (17.231)		−14.063 (22.515)
	50%	−75.405 (20.929)		−60.829 (31.308)

Data availability statement

The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.