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Fukushima special section

Radiocesium transfer into the fruit of deciduous fruit trees contaminated during dormancy

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Pages 156-164 | Received 30 Mar 2014, Accepted 07 Oct 2014, Published online: 05 Nov 2014

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison of the radiocesium concentration between the 5-cm topsoil layer and mature fruit of Prunus avium (L.) L. (sweet cherry), Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (peach), hybrid of Vitis labrusca L. and Vitis vinifera L. (grape), Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai (Japanese pear), Malus pumila Mill. (apple) and Diospyros kaki Thunb. (Japanese persimmon) in the year of 2011

Figure 1 Relationship between the mature fruit weight and the concentration of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) in the year of 2011. Note: Regression analysis was conducted using the data of “Benisayaka,” “Satonishiki,” “Benisyuho” (sweet cherry, Prunus avium (L.) L.), “Hatsuhime,” “Akatsuki,” “Kawanakajimahakuto,” “Yuzora” (peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), “Kosui,” “Ryoho” (Japanese pear, Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai) “Fuji” (apple, Malus pumila Mill.) and “Hachiya” (Japanese persimmon, Diospyros kaki Thunb.) collected in FTRC in the year of 2011. DW, dry weight.

Figure 1 Relationship between the mature fruit weight and the concentration of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) in the year of 2011. Note: Regression analysis was conducted using the data of “Benisayaka,” “Satonishiki,” “Benisyuho” (sweet cherry, Prunus avium (L.) L.), “Hatsuhime,” “Akatsuki,” “Kawanakajimahakuto,” “Yuzora” (peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), “Kosui,” “Ryoho” (Japanese pear, Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai) “Fuji” (apple, Malus pumila Mill.) and “Hachiya” (Japanese persimmon, Diospyros kaki Thunb.) collected in FTRC in the year of 2011. DW, dry weight.

Figure 2 Distribution of radiocesium (137Cs) along the soil profile in peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, “Akatsuki” orchard. Note: The 30-cm topsoil layer was collected with the cylindrical soil sampler at one undisturbed place in the orchard on 26 April 2011. The soil layer was divided evenly by 3 cm. Decay correction was made to the sampling date. DW, dry weight.

Figure 2 Distribution of radiocesium (137Cs) along the soil profile in peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, “Akatsuki” orchard. Note: The 30-cm topsoil layer was collected with the cylindrical soil sampler at one undisturbed place in the orchard on 26 April 2011. The soil layer was divided evenly by 3 cm. Decay correction was made to the sampling date. DW, dry weight.

Figure 3 Comparison between the radiocesium contamination in soil and fruit collected from the peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, orchard of “Akatuki.” Note: The 5-cm topsoil layer was collected with the cylindrical soil sampler at three places under the canopy of 12 “Akatuki” trees planted in rows of 12 at 7 m × 7 m spacing, on June 6, 2011. We collected 10 fruits per tree on August 10, 2011. (a) Map of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) concentration of 5-cm topsoil layer; (b) radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) concentration of mature fruit. Every measured activity in samples was corrected back to the sampling date by decay compensation; FW: fresh weight; DW: dry weight.

Figure 3 Comparison between the radiocesium contamination in soil and fruit collected from the peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, orchard of “Akatuki.” Note: The 5-cm topsoil layer was collected with the cylindrical soil sampler at three places under the canopy of 12 “Akatuki” trees planted in rows of 12 at 7 m × 7 m spacing, on June 6, 2011. We collected 10 fruits per tree on August 10, 2011. (a) Map of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) concentration of 5-cm topsoil layer; (b) radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) concentration of mature fruit. Every measured activity in samples was corrected back to the sampling date by decay compensation; FW: fresh weight; DW: dry weight.

Table 2 Transfer factor of Prunus persica (L.) Batsh (peach) and hybrid of Vitis labrusca L. and Vitis vinifera L. (grape) planted in disturbed soil or cultivated in pots put in the contaminated soil (2012)

Figure 4 Concentration of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) in different parts of the grape “Pione”, hybrid of Vitis labrusca L. and Vitis vinifera L. tree. Note: fruits and leaves were collected on September 11 and 20, 2012; other parts were collected on November 11, 2012. Samples were combined into one fruit and one leaf sample. One plant was cut into pieces on November 11, 2012. Plant sub-samples included shoots, branches, fine roots (1.5 mm and less in diameter) and other roots (> 1.5 mm in diameter, where nutrients are stored). DW, dry weight.

Figure 4 Concentration of radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) in different parts of the grape “Pione”, hybrid of Vitis labrusca L. and Vitis vinifera L. tree. Note: fruits and leaves were collected on September 11 and 20, 2012; other parts were collected on November 11, 2012. Samples were combined into one fruit and one leaf sample. One plant was cut into pieces on November 11, 2012. Plant sub-samples included shoots, branches, fine roots (1.5 mm and less in diameter) and other roots (> 1.5 mm in diameter, where nutrients are stored). DW, dry weight.

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