The isolation of fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) germplazms with high potassium utilization efficiency

Figures & data

Table 1. The 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) enrolled in this study

Germplazms	Sources	Germplazms	Sources	Germplazms	Sources
Sofie	Holland	98,019–10	China	98,031–12-6-6	China
Diane	France	D93005-15-3	China	98,080-1-3-7	China
Agatha	France	H98003	China	98,076–15-19	China
Amina	France	D92025-16-9	China	98,054–40-2-8	China
D95027-9-3-1	China	D97021-10	China	s150-5	China
90,018-6-3-41	China	97,175–75-9	China	98,057–26-3	China
M8711-8	China	S8	China	s91-2	China
D97021-5	China	S7	China	s397-1	China
90,018–13-9-10	China	98,010–23	China	y0332-1	China
90,018-6-3-15	China	03134–3	China	m0298-4-6	China
D95009-13-5	China	03150–7	China	Yuan-2012-306	China
92,068–20	China	98,019–10-29	China	Yuan-2012-295	China
92,199–13-10	China	D95027-22-8-2	China	Yuan-2012-302	China
D95010-10	China	98,076–15-3-1	China	Heiya-20	China
90,018-3-1-28	China	98,019-1-6	China	Heiya-14	China
D97021-2	China	m97015-11-4-7	China	Heiya-16	China
92,104-9-3	China	m97020	China

Table 2. The agronomic traits of 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Germplazms	Plant height (cm)			Germplazms	Technical length (cm)
	K0	K50	Increased rate (%)		K0	K50	Increased rate (%)
D92025-16-9	70.6 ± 3.1	75.2 ± 2.5*	6.1 ± 1.32	92,104-9-3	54.5 ± 2.5	59.8 ± 2.4*	8.9 ± 1.52
Diane	75.8 ± 2.5	80.4 ± 3.4*	5.7 ± 0.89	Diane	64.3 ± 2.3	70.1 ± 3.1*	8.3 ± 1.48
97,175–75-9	71.6 ± 1.9	75.5 ± 2.6*	5.2 ± 1.17	Yuan-2012-306	65.2 ± 2.8	69.8 ± 3.4*	6.6 ± 1.33
Sofie	72.4 ± 1.9	76.3 ± 3.2*	5.1 ± 1.22	s150-5	62.1 ± 2.7	65.8 ± 2.8*	5.6 ± 1.24
Agatha	69.8 ± 2.3	73.5 ± 3.4*	5.0 ± 1.14	Sofie	62.3 ± 1.6	65.9 ± 3.3*	5.5 ± 1.29
Yuan-2012-295	81.3 ± 3.6	85.4 ± 3.9*	4.8 ± 1.01	Agatha	58.7 ± 2.0	61.9 ± 3.3*	5.2 ± 1.29
92,104-9-3	72.5 ± 2.6	76.1 ± 2.7*	4.7 ± 0.82	98,076–15-19	58.2 ± 2.6	61.3 ± 3.4*	5.1 ± 0.97
90,018–13-9-10	63.2 ± 2.1	66.3 ± 1.9*	4.7 ± 0.93	D92025-16-9	60.7 ± 2.9	63.7 ± 2.4*	4.7 ± 0.98
s397-1	71.0 ± 2.6	74.5 ± 3.5*	4.7 ± 0.97	Heiya-16	70.1 ± 2.4	73.2 ± 3.5*	4.2 ± 0.89
s150-5	73.6 ± 2.6	76.8 ± 2.9*	4.2 ± 0.61	90,018–13-9-10	52.9 ± 2.2	55.1 ± 2.0*	4.0 ± 0.86
Yuan-2012-306	77.4 ± 3.1	80.6 ± 3.5*	4.0 ± 1.06	98,031–12-6-6	59.2 ± 2.5	61.5 ± 2.6*	3.7 ± 0.83
D95027-9-3-1	81.6 ± 3.1	84.9 ± 2.9*	3.9 ± 0.58	Yuan-2012-295	70.3 ± 3.5	72.9 ± 3.8*	3.6 ± 0.84
D97021-2	77.1 ± 1.9	80.2 ± 1.8*	3.9 ± 0.91	92,068–20	63.2 ± 2.2	65.5 ± 2.4*	3.5 ± 0.86
Heiya-14	81.1 ± 3.8	84.3 ± 2.9*	3.8 ± 0.82	Amina	65.8 ± 1.8	68.1 ± 2.7*	3.4 ± 0.70
98,076–15-19	70.6 ± 3.1	73.4 ± 3.5*	3.8 ± 0.88	m0298-4-6	62.1 ± 2.1	64.3 ± 2.3*	3.4 ± 0.85
Amina	76.5 ± 2.1	79.2 ± 2.8*	3.4 ± 0.57	92,199–13-10	64.1 ± 1.9	66.3 ± 2.5*	3.3 ± 0.62
92,068–20	73.5 ± 2.5	76.1 ± 2.3*	3.4 ± 1.03	98,076–15-3-1	80.1 ± 3.7	82.8 ± 3.8*	3.3 ± 0.65
y0332-1	71.2 ± 3.2	73.6 ± 3.8*	3.3 ± 0.77	Heiya-14	67.9 ± 3.7	70.2 ± 2.7*	3.3 ± 0.72
Yuan-2012-302	76.7 ± 3.7	79.3 ± 4.1*	3.3 ± 0.68	s91-2	60.8 ± 2.2	62.8 ± 3.0*	3.2 ± 0.54
98,054–40-2-8	62.3 ± 1.9	64.3 ± 2.3*	3.1 ± 0.64	m97020	63.5 ± .8	65.6 ± 2.4*	3.2 ± 0.61
98,010–23	70.1 ± 2.3	72.3 ± 2.8*	3.0 ± 0.75	98,054–40-2-8	53.7 ± 1.6	55.4 ± 2.2*	3.1 ± 0.19
Heiya-16	84.2 ± 2.7	86.7 ± 3.8*	2.9 ± 0.38	Heiya-20	55.6 ± 3.5	57.4 ± 2.4*	3.1 ± 0.58
S8	75.8 ± 2.3	78.1 ± 2.6*	2.9 ± 0.44	H98003	65.4 ± 2.6	67.5 ± 1.8*	3.1 ± 0.62
98,031–12-6-6	67.3 ± 2.3	69.3 ± 2.8*	2.9 ± 0.76	D95010-10	65.3 ± 2.7	67.3 ± 2.5*	3.0 ± 0.50
98,076–15-3-1	92.6 ± 3.8	95.1 ± 4.1*	2.6 ± 0.59	03134–3	61.9 ± 2.4	63.8 ± 2.6*	3.0 ± 0.57
m97020	74.3 ± 1.9	76.3 ± 2.5*	2.6 ± 0.53	98,019–10-29	78.3 ± 3.5	80.7 ± 3.5*	3.0 ± 0.68
M8711-8	79.3 ± 3.2	81.3 ± 2.4*	2.5 ± 0.56	M8711-8	68.1 ± 3.1	70.2 ± 2.5*	3.0 ± 0.71
92,199–13-10	76.3 ± 2.1	78.2 ± 2.6*	2.4 ± 0.41	m97015-11-4-7	60.3 ± 1.9	62.1 ± 2.8*	2.9 ± 0.40
D95010-10	77.3 ± 2.9	79.1 ± 2.6*	2.3 ± 0.45	s397-1	60.3 ± 2.5	62.1 ± 3.4*	2.9 ± 0.58
98,019-1-6	70.3 ± 2.3	71.9 ± 1.9*	2.2 ± 0.41	97,175–75-9	66.7 ± 1.8	68.7 ± 2.5*	2.9 ± 0.64
98,019–10-29	90.3 ± 3.6	92.3 ± 3.8*	2.2 ± 0.45	D97021-5	73.5 ± 3.1	75.7 ± 2.1*	2.9 ± 0.67
s91-2	70.6 ± 2.5	72.2 ± 3.2*	2.2 ± 0.49	y0332-1	60.3 ± 3.1	62.1 ± 3.7*	2.9 ± 1.01
03134–3	74.3 ± 2.6	75.9 ± 2.9*	2.1 ± 0.34	S8	62.0 ± 2.1	63.8 ± 2.5*	2.8 ± 0.97
98,057–26-3	77.3 ± 3.1	78.9 ± 2.7*	2.1 ± 0.89	90,018-3-1-28	68.1 ± 2.8	70.1 ± 2.3*	2.7 ± 0.66
03150–7	84.3 ± 3.1	86.0 ± 3.4*	2.0 ± 0.51	D97021-10	72.0 ± 2.8	73.9 ± 2.7*	2.6 ± 0.75
S7	70.4 ± 2.8	71.8 ± 2.4*	1.9 ± 0.42	D97021-2	67.2 ± 1.8	68.9 ± 1.6*	2.5 ± 0.59
98,019–10	79.9 ± 2.6	81.3 ± 2.7*	1.7 ± 0.38	Yuan-2012-302	63.7 ± 3.4	65.2 ± 3.8*	2.3 ± 0.51
D97021-5	86.9 ± 3.5	88.4 ± 2.4*	1.7 ± 0.39	98,057–26-3	63.8 ± 2.7	65.1 ± 2.4*	2.0 ± 0.38
D93005-15-3	74.3 ± 2.6	75.5 ± 2.9*	1.6 ± 0.72	S7	59.4 ± 2.9	60.6 ± 2.3*	2.0 ± 0.58
m97015-11-4-7	71.1 ± 1.8	72.2 ± 2.9*	1.5 ± 0.31	03150–7	71.3 ± 2.8	72.6 ± 3.3*	1.8 ± 0.41
m0298-4-6	71.3 ± 2.3	72.3 ± 2.5*	1.4 ± 0.67	D93005-15-3	64.9 ± 2.2	66.0 ± 3.0*	1.7 ± 0.81
D95027-22-8-2	76.3 ± 3.5	77.4 ± 3.8*	1.4 ± 0.62	D95027-22-8-2	63.5 ± 3.3	64.2 ± 3.5	-
90,018-3-1-28	81.4 ± 3.1	82.5 ± 2.4	-	98,019–10	66.5 ± 2.2	67.2 ± 2.3	-
90,018-6-3-41	81.2 ± 2.7	82.2 ± 2.8	-	90,018-6-3-15	58.9 ± 3.2	59.9 ± 2.7	-
90,018-6-3-15	71.3 ± 3.5	70.5 ± 2.9	-	98,019-1-6	61.3 ± 1.6	60.7 ± 1.7	-
D97021-10	83.6 ± 3.1	82.8 ± 2.6	-	98,080-1-3-7	63.2 ± 2.5	62.6 ± 2.7	-
98,080-1-3-7	74.3 ± 2.6	73.8 ± 2.9	-	98,010–23	60.7 ± 2.4	61.2 ± 2.7	-
H98003	75.5 ± 2.4	75.3 ± 1.9	-	90,018-6-3-41	69.4 ± 2.4	68.9 ± 2.5	-
Heiya-20	67.9 ± 3.8	68.1 ± 2.6	-	D95009-13-5	65.9 ± 2.1	66.3 ± 1.6	-
D95009-13-5	78.1 ± 1.9	78.2 ± 1.7	-	D95027-9-3-1	67.1 ± 2.7	67.2 ± 2.6	-

*P < 0.05 vs. K0

Table 3. The yield traits (fiber content and yield) of 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Germplazms	Fiber content (%)			Germplazms	Fiber yield (kg/ha)
	K0	K50	Increased rate (%)		K0	K50	Increased rate (%)
M8711-8	22.1 ± 1.6	25.8 ± 1.3*	14.3 ± 1.31	m0298-4-6	1180.5 ± 15.1	1590.8 ± 16.1*	25.8 ± 3.61
D95027-9-3-1	23.7 ± 1.4	27.6 ± 1.2*	14.1 ± 1.91	D95009-13-5	946.9 ± 16.0	1221.4 ± 20.4*	22.5 ± 3.14
D95009-13-5	26.3 ± 1.3	30.5 ± 1.4*	13.8 ± 2.05	s91-2	1145.8 ± 18.3	1457.4 ± 16.7*	21.4 ± 3.23
90,018-6-3-41	23.1 ± 0.9	26.8 ± 1.3*	13.8 ± 2.18	Heiya-14	1314.7 ± 13.2	1671.4 ± 16.5*	21.3 ± 3.11
90,018–13-9-10	22.9 ± 0.9	26.5 ± 1.1*	13.6 ± 2.28	90,018-3-1-28	1067.3 ± 14.9	1350.7 ± 20.8*	21.0 ± 4.24
98,019–10-29	23.5 ± 0.8	26.8 ± 1.2*	12.3 ± 1.27	Yuan-2012-302	939.1 ± 12.3	1181.4 ± 16.3*	20.5 ± 4.41
Heiya-14	24.6 ± 0.8	27.9 ± 1.1*	11.8 ± 2.25	03134–3	970.8 ± 14.0	1215.5 ± 17.5*	20.1 ± 3.59
92,199–13-10	23.9 ± 0.9	27.0 ± 1.5*	11.5 ± 1.98	s397-1	1132.4 ± 20.2	1410.3 ± 17.8*	19.7 ± 3.24
D97021-5	22.4 ± 1.5	25.3 ± 1.2*	11.5 ± 2.36	D95027-22-8-2	1463.2 ± 19.0	1815.2 ± 16.7*	19.4 ± 2.22
97,175–75-9	27.3 ± 1.3	30.8 ± 1.7*	11.4 ± 2.13	Heiya-16	1206.4 ± 17.2	1495.8 ± 16.7*	19.3 ± 2.35
92,068–20	27.3 ± 0.8	30.8 ± 1.2*	11.4 ± 2.37	D97021-10	1367.9 ± 21.0	1674.9 ± 19.4*	18.3 ± 2.29
Heiya-20	23.9 ± 1.2	26.8 ± 1.6*	10.8 ± 1.34	92,199–13-10	1131.4 ± 20.6	1367.9 ± 16.2*	17.3 ± 2.23
90,018-3-1-28	27.3 ± 1.2	30.6 ± 1.4*	10.8 ± 2.41	D95010-10	1108.3 ± 14.0	1318.9 ± 13.2*	16.0 ± 3.19
s150-5	24.6 ± 0.9	27.3 ± 1.2*	9.9 ± 2.32	m97020	1195.3 ± 20.4	1431.3 ± 18.7*	16.5 ± 3.30
Yuan-2012-302	24.3 ± 1.5	26.9 ± 1.8*	9.7 ± 1.49	m97015-11-4-7	1356.2 ± 12.8	1597.1 ± 14.9*	15.1 ± 1.17
98,010–23	28.6 ± 0.7	31.5 ± 0.9*	9.2 ± 1.90	D97021-2	1278.2 ± 17.5	1505.9 ± 15.8*	15.1 ± 2.56
s397-1	26.1 ± 0.7	28.7 ± 1.3*	9.1 ± 1.11	98,019-1-6	1458.7 ± 18.2	1713.3 ± 13.8*	14.9 ± 2.79
98,031–12-6-6	25.4 ± 1.0	27.9 ± 1.3*	9.0 ± 2.31	98,010–23	1286.0 ± 17.4	1510.1 ± 19.7*	14.8 ± 2.21
03150–7	27.8 ± 1.3	30.5 ± 1.6*	8.9 ± 1.41	Yuan-2012-306	1286.6 ± 18.6	1496.1 ± 12.4*	14.0 ± 2.06
D95010-10	28.1 ± 1.1	30.7 ± 1.6*	8.5 ± 2.04	S8	1140.3 ± 14.2	1323.7 ± 16.6*	13.9 ± 2.27
D95027-22-8-2	28.3 ± 1.6	30.9 ± 1.1*	8.4 ± 1.34	97,175–75-9	1242.1 ± 14.2	1437.6 ± 15.2*	13.6 ± 1.75
D92025-16-9	28.9 ± 1.5	31.5 ± 0.7*	8.3 ± 1.19	92,104-9-3	1619.3 ± 17.7	1858.9 ± 20.4*	12.9 ± 2.29
92,104-9-3	28.8 ± 1.3	31.4 ± 1.7*	8.3 ± 1.30	Sofie	1665.3 ± 17.2	1903.6 ± 17.0*	12.5 ± 2.17
D97021-2	28.3 ± 1.2	30.7 ± 1.6*	7.8 ± 1.28	D97021-5	1249.1 ± 18.1	1418.8 ± 14.2*	12.0 ± 2.57
98,076–15-3-1	29.1 ± 1.8	31.5 ± 1.5*	7.6 ± 1.08	M8711-8	1231.2 ± 20.4	1393.0 ± 17.4*	11.6 ± 1.44
S8	27.9 ± 1.1	30.2 ± 1.5*	7.6 ± 1.37	D95027-9-3-1	1084.4 ± 14.2	1214.1 ± 16.2*	10.7 ± 2.49
Yuan-2012-306	27.9 ± 1.1	30.1 ± 1.4*	7.3 ± 1.29	s150-5	1089.2 ± 11.6	1201.3 ± 16.6*	9.3 ± 2.18
03134–3	25.4 ± 1.2	27.3 ± 1.8*	7.0 ± 1.40	90,018-6-3-41	1232.2 ± 14.7	1349.3 ± 16.3*	8.7 ± 1.19
98,019-1-6	29.8 ± 1.1	32.0 ± 0.9*	6.9 ± 1.29	90,018-6-3-15	1041.6 ± 16.1	1136.5 ± 13.5*	8.4 ± 1.13
98,019–10	29.6 ± 0.9	31.8 ± 1.4*	6.9 ± 1.62	98,019–10-29	1354.3 ± 22.8	1468.7 ± 20.1*	7.8 ± 1.34
90,018-6-3-15	26.1 ± 1.5	28.0 ± 0.9*	6.8 ± 1.26	90,018–13-9-10	1056.2 ± 12.8	1143.9 ± 19.8*	7.7 ± 1.21
Sofie	29.1 ± 0.8	31.2 ± 1.2*	6.7 ± 1.24	y0332-1	1689.1 ± 15.2	1825.7 ± 20.6*	7.5 ± 1.18
H98003	25.3 ± 0.8	27.1 ± 1.3*	6.6 ± 1.24	98,076–15-19	1643.9 ± 22.8	1775.4 ± 20.4*	7.4 ± 1.36
98,076–15-19	29.6 ± 1.1	31.7 ± 0.9*	6.6 ± 1.76	Amina	1243.0 ± 13.1	1337.9 ± 12.1*	7.1 ± 0.93
Yuan-2012-295	26.3 ± 1.3	28.1 ± 1.7*	6.4 ± 0.91	Agatha	1308.6 ± 15.1	1408.7 ± 14.2*	7.1 ± 1.26
98,057–26-3	30.8 ± 1.4	32.9 ± 1.6*	6.4 ± 1.19	03150–7	1518.8 ± 15.2	1620.0 ± 18.8*	6.2 ± 1.23
Heiya-16	29.1 ± 0.8	31.1 ± 1.3*	6.4 ± 1.32	98,076–15-3-1	1314.2 ± 19.2	1397.8 ± 16.2*	6.0 ± 1.23
y0332-1	30.6 ± 1.2	32.6 ± 1.5*	6.1 ± 0.95	98,031–12-6-6	1480.2 ± 18.2	1568.4 ± 15.8*	5.6 ± 1.25
S7	29.1 ± 1.2	31.0 ± 1.5*	6.1 ± 1.05	98,019–10	1716.2 ± 22.8	1814.3 ± 20.4*	5.4 ± 0.26
98,054–40-2-8	26.4 ± 1.3	28.1 ± 1.5*	6.0 ± 1.29	Diane	1410.3 ± 15.2	1486.9 ± 16.1*	5.2 ± 0.86
m97015-11-4-7	29.3 ± 1.3	31.0 ± 1.1*	5.5 ± 1.31	S7	1543.9 ± 20.6	1623.2 ± 21.0*	4.9 ± 0.84
s91-2	26.3 ± 1.2	27.8 ± 1.5*	5.4 ± 1.27	98,054–40-2-8	1450.2 ± 13.2	1521.2 ± 16.3*	4.7 ± 0.90
D93005-15-3	28.6 ± 0.9	30.1 ± 1.2*	5.0 ± 0.87	98,080-1-3-7	1567.2 ± 18.1	1643.1 ± 15.8*	4.6 ± 0.99
Diane	30.2 ± 1.3	31.8 ± 1.8*	5.0 ± 0.95	98,057–26-3	1460.8 ± 17.4	1531.2 ± 20.8*	4.6 ± 1.29
D97021-10	28.3 ± 1.2	29.8 ± 1.6*	5.0 ± 1.08	92,068–20	1703.2 ± 22.9	1780.7 ± 17.8*	4.4 ± 0.91
Amina	29.3 ± 1.8	30.7 ± 1.6*	4.6 ± 0.93	Yuan-2012-295	1587.3 ± 12.7	1647.7 ± 20.7*	3.7 ± 0.95
98,080-1-3-7	27.3 ± 1.5	28.6 ± 1.7*	4.5 ± 0.62	D92025-16-9	1464.3 ± 14.6	1519.7 ± 14.8*	3.6 ± 0.74
m97020	28.1 ± 0.8	29.4 ± 1.2*	4.4 ± 0.82	Heiya-20	1460.2 ± 14.6	1514.1 ± 15.3*	3.6 ± 0.82
m0298-4-6	27.3 ± 0.9	28.5 ± 1.1*	4.2 ± 0.65	D93005-15-3	1760.1 ± 16.8	1820.9 ± 24.2*	3.3 ± 0.61
Agatha	31.6 ± 1.2	32.8 ± 1.5*	3.7 ± 0.96	H98003	1635.3 ± 16.3	1689.1 ± 16.8*	3.2 ± 0.68

*P < 0.05 vs. K0

Table 4. The yield traits (protostem and seed yield) of 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Germplazms	Stem yield (kg/ha)			Germplazms	Seed yield (kg/ha)
	K0	K50	Increased rate (%)		K0	K50	Increased rate (%)
90,018-6-3-15	4389.1 ± 55.9	5287.7 ± 42.6*	17.0 ± 0.37	S7	930.8 ± 65.4	1200.7 ± 58.3*	22.5 ± 2.72
D95009-13-5	4369.1 ± 55.1	5141.9 ± 77.2*	15.0 ± 0.32	D97021-5	598.1 ± 53.7	766.2 ± 69.2*	21.9 ± 1.71
90,018-3-1-28	5361.7 ± 49.8	6183.5 ± 79.1*	13.3 ± 2.21	98,010–23	927.4 ± 69.8	1180.4 ± 78.4*	21.4 ± 2.94
D97021-2	5061.3 ± 62.8	5746.0 ± 54.1*	11.9 ± 1.32	98,054–40-2-8	821.6 ± 63.4	990.0 ± 78.1*	17.0 ± 2.56
Yuan-2012-306	5236.1 ± 39.4	5698.4 ± 37.2*	8.1 ± 1.13	S8	932.5 ± 73.8	1122.6 ± 81.6*	16.9 ± 3.18
97,175–75-9	5080.7 ± 46.2	5516.9 ± 51.4*	7.9 ± 1.16	92,104-9-3	904.3 ± 83.1	1052.7 ± 71.3*	14.1 ± 2.17
Heiya-14	6542.7 ± 41.2	7018.0 ± 57.8*	6.8 ± 0.97	97,175–75-9	923.4 ± 58.6	1074.0 ± 91.4*	14.0 ± 1.85
D95027-9-3-1	4972.4 ± 87.2	5321.0 ± 56.4*	6.6 ± 1.24	D95009-13-5	798.4 ± 66.1	925.4 ± 79.1*	13.7 ± 2.43
D95010-10	5021.7 ± 45.1	5350.2 ± 41.3*	6.1 ± 1.14	D95027-9-3-1	698.7 ± 56.7	799.4 ± 62.1*	12.6 ± 2.69
Agatha	5042.9 ± 50.7	5321.9 ± 46.3*	5.2 ± 1.17	90,018-6-3-15	970.6 ± 68.7	1110.1 ± 79.2*	12.6 ± 2.84
Sofie	6431.2 ± 61.3	6762.1 ± 60.2*	4.9 ± 0.81	Heiya-14	603.8 ± 60.1	689.1 ± 55.9*	12.4 ± 2.67
90,018–13-9-10	5108.3 ± 39.1	5371.0 ± 74.3*	4.9 ± 1.09	Amina	690.6 ± 58.0	787.1 ± 67.7*	12.3 ± 1.74
98,019–10	7801.3 ± 89.1	8162.7 ± 46.2*	4.4 ± 0.82	s397-1	568.3 ± 76.3	647.6 ± 55.9*	12.2 ± 2.75
Diane	5231.9 ± 51.3	5467.8 ± 55.8*	4.3 ± 0.87	98,031–12-6-6	965.7 ± 81.7	1096.4 ± 62.7*	11.9 ± 1.62
98,080-1-3-7	6897.2 ± 65.9	7193.0 ± 54.3*	4.1 ± 0.63	90,018-3-1-28	850.3 ± 45.6	965.0 ± 89.7*	11.9 ± 2.78
92,199–13-10	6172.3 ± 78.3	6433.5 ± 56.1*	4.1 ± 0.74	Sofie	870.6 ± 88.9	987.5 ± 65.9*	11.8 ± 1.87
98,076–15-3-1	6839.1 ± 71.3	7126.3 ± 56.4*	4.0 ± 0.71	D92025-16-9	925.6 ± 74.8	1046.5 ± 85.9*	11.6 ± 2.30
s397-1	6643.9 ± 76.2	6921.4 ± 64.1*	4.0 ± 0.75	m97015-11-4-7	705.2 ± 59.8	796.6 ± 66.2*	11.5 ± 0.75
Yuan-2012-302	5163.2 ± 36.5	5378.4 ± 41.8*	4.0 ± 0.93	Heiya-20	653.9 ± 59.9	736.1 ± 56.3*	11.2 ± 2.69
M8711-8	6236.1 ± 77.1	6475.2 ± 62.1*	3.7 ± 0.93	D97021-2	828.5 ± 78.1	931.7 ± 90.1*	11.1 ± 1.91
s150-5	5068.9 ± 33.1	5251.3 ± 39.2*	3.5 ± 0.62	Heiya-16	634.8 ± 62.9	712.5 ± 61.8*	10.9 ± 1.89
D92025-16-9	5632.9 ± 48.3	5833.5 ± 49.1*	3.4 ± 0.67	98,076–15-19	1094.2 ± 59.7	1224.1 ± 68.4*	10.6 ± 1.74
98,019–10-29	7219.3 ± 89.3	7451.3 ± 75.6*	3.1 ± 0.47	03134–3	987.2 ± 65.3	1103.9 ± 60.7*	10.6 ± 2.53
S8	5691.4 ± 46.3	5871.0 ± 58.4*	3.1 ± 0.57	Agatha	749.2 ± 70.0	837.1 ± 45.2*	10.5 ± 1.68
H98003	7121.3 ± 56.8	7346.0 ± 59.3*	3.1 ± 0.60	Yuan-2012-295	610.2 ± 58.4	678.3 ± 65.2*	10.0 ± 1.72
y0332-1	6731.6 ± 51.3	6939.8 ± 49.1*	3.0 ± 0.49	90,018-6-3-41	764.2 ± 48.3	847.5 ± 46.7*	9.8 ± 1.58
D97021-5	6482.9 ± 65.8	6683.5 ± 46.2*	3.0 ± 0.50	D95027-22-8-2	964.2 ± 80.4	1069.2 ± 91.2*	9.8 ± 2.06
m97020	6659.2 ± 77.3	6863.8 ± 68.9*	3.0 ± 0.54	D93005-15-3	923.6 ± 85.3	1023.6 ± 71.9*	9.8 ± 2.09
92,104-9-3	6508.7 ± 63.9	6704.4 ± 77.3*	2.9 ± 0.57	s91-2	740.3 ± 56.8	816.2 ± 68.4*	9.3 ± 1.77
Heiya-16	6143.5 ± 61.3	6321.9 ± 58.7*	2.8 ± 0.61	D95010-10	631.5 ± 63.4	694.7 ± 71.2*	9.1 ± 1.72
98,054–40-2-8	7056.1 ± 41.3	7255.5 ± 56.9*	2.7 ± 0.57	Diane	880.3 ± 79.7	965.2 ± 81.1*	8.8 ± 1.70
Amina	5371.2 ± 40.8	5519.7 ± 35.6*	2.7 ± 0.63	98,019–10-29	687.2 ± 68.3	753.2 ± 75.3*	8.8 ± 1.82
90,018-6-3-41	5923.7 ± 48.6	6079.4 ± 56.9*	2.6 ± 0.59	90,018–13-9-10	764.2 ± 37.1	831.2 ± 49.5*	8.1 ± 1.53
D95027-22-8-2	7023.6 ± 70.1	7205.3 ± 58.6*	2.5 ± 0.51	98,076–15-3-1	891.3 ± 80.2	968.1 ± 72.5*	7.9 ± 1.26
98,010–23	6539.1 ± 62.3	6709.6 ± 73.9*	2.5 ± 0.63	s150-5	1082.6 ± 56.8	1174.6 ± 90.1*	7.8 ± 1.62
s91-2	6871.3 ± 66.5	7029.2 ± 58.7*	2.2 ± 0.41	98,080-1-3-7	891.3 ± 78.4	967.1 ± 50.2*	7.8 ± 1.71
98,057–26-3	6890.6 ± 56.3	7047.1 ± 46.7*	2.2 ± 0.48	Yuan-2012-306	756.2 ± 54.2	819.1 ± 49.1*	7.7 ± 1.62
S7	6964.2 ± 78.3	7113.8 ± 80.1*	2.1 ± 0.46	M8711-8	800.2 ± 77.2	864.8 ± 68.4*	7.5 ± 1.83
03150–7	6780.3 ± 51.3	6918.0 ± 69.4*	2.0 ± 0.41	m0298-4-6	894.1 ± 78.1	965.5 ± 65.9*	7.4 ± 1.52
D97021-10	6716.2 ± 80.1	6850.2 ± 72.3*	2.0 ± 0.55	m97020	851.9 ± 81.6	916.0 ± 78.3 l*	7.0 ± 1.92
m97015-11-4-7	6984.3 ± 39.2	7088.8 ± 49.7*	1.5 ± 0.35	98,019–10	751.3 ± 63.5	807.4 ± 59.2*	6.9 ± 1.01
98,019-1-6	6408.9 ± 66.1	6501.3 ± 44.2*	1.4 ± 0.28	Yuan-2012-302	670.3 ± 58.9	712.9 ± 41.7*	6.0 ± 1.61
m0298-4-6	6687.2 ± 50.8	6781.9 ± 55.6*	1.4 ± 0.68	98,057–26-3	887.2 ± 61.3	941.8 ± 78.9*	5.8 ± 1.40
03134–3	5531.3 ± 45.1	5605.5 ± 62.8*	1.3 ± 0.28	03150–7	963.7 ± 89.1	1020.8 ± 53.3*	5.6 ± 0.81
Yuan-2012-295	6621.3 ± 38.7	6709.7 ± 45.2*	1.3 ± 0.34	92,068–20	850.1 ± 70.2	900.6 ± 81.2*	5.6 ± 0.97
D93005-15-3	6705.1 ± 59.1	6781.3 ± 39.4*	1.1 ± 0.57	98,019-1-6	854.7 ± 59.5	902.6 ± 63.4*	5.3 ± 0.93
98,076–15-19	7268.1 ± 89.1	7338.8 ± 77.2	-	92,199–13-10	597.3 ± 57.2	628.1 ± 61.8*	4.9 ± 0.90
98,031–12-6-6	6598.3 ± 66.1	6626.3 ± 54.3	-	y0332-1	904.3 ± 88.7	946.6 ± 89.1*	4.5 ± 0.99
Heiya-20	7230.6 ± 48.2	7249.8 ± 51.9	-	D97021-10	826.0 ± 65.1	847.6 ± 70.3*	2.5 ± 0.71
92,068–20	7031.6 ± 89.7	7037.7 ± 64.2	-	H98003	829.4 ± 66.9	846.6 ± 57.4*	2.0 ± 0.52

Table 5. The potassium utilization efficiency of 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Germplazms	K0	Germplazms	K50
Sofie	91.42 ± 7.30	Sofie	71.39 ± 10.71
Yuan-2012-306	89.21 ± 7.54	D93005-15-3	68.73 ± 10.31
Yuan-2012-295	88.18 ± 7.03	Yuan-2012-306	67.29 ± 10.09
D93005-15-3	86.45 ± 7.93	Yuan-2012-295	65.91 ± 9.89
92,104-9-3	83.41 ± 8.31	97,175–75-9	62.43 ± 9.36
y0332-1	75.34 ± 8.27	Diane	61.38 ± 9.21
97,175–75-9	73.12 ± 9.02	92,104-9-3	58.74 ± 8.81
D97021-2	72.34 ± 10.85	y0332-1	57.81 ± 8.67
D92025-16-9	71.08 ± 5.26	D97021-2	56.54 ± 8.48
D95027-9-3-1	70.49 ± 4.96	H98003	55.48 ± 8.32
Diane	68.21 ± 5.00	D92025-16-9	53.88 ± 8.08
H98003	65.93 ± 2.31	90,018-6-3-41	52.74 ± 7.91
90,018-6-3-41	64.18 ± 3.24	D95027-9-3-1	52.06 ± 7.81
90,018-6-3-15	63.25 ± 2.46	M8711-8	51.42 ± 7.71
M8711-8	60.48 ± 2.11	90,018-6-3-15	49.25 ± 7.39
98,019–10	58.31 ± 8.75	90,018–13-9-10	48.21 ± 7.23
90,018–13-9-10	58.29 ± 8.71	D95027-22-8-2	47.72 ± 7.16
D97021-5	56.37 ± 8.46	Heiya-14	46.03 ± 6.90
98,019-1-6	55.42 ± 8.31	98,019–10	43.36 ± 6.50
s150-5	54.68 ± 8.20	D97021-5	42.62 ± 6.39
D95027-22-8-2	53.27 ± 7.99	98,019-1-6	41.13 ± 6.17
Heiya-14	46.97 ± 7.05	s150-5	39.09 ± 5.86
D97021-10	45.67 ± 6.85	92,068–20	38.82 ± 5.82
92,068–20	43.16 ± 6.47	D97021-10	37.49 ± 5.62
98,076–15-19	42.38 ± 6.36	98,031–12-6-6	36.65 ± 5.04
98,031–12-6-6	41.74 ± 6.26	Agatha	35.34 ± 4.76
S7	40.91 ± 6.14	98,010–23	34.97 ± 5.25
Agatha	38.46 ± 5.77	98,076–15-19	34.09 ± 5.50
03150–7	37.18 ± 5.58	S7	33.58 ± 5.30
Amina	36.51 ± 5.48	m97015-11-4-7	32.56 ± 4.88
D95009-13-5	34.38 ± 5.16	03150–7	31.72 ± 4.61
98,010–23	32.79 ± 4.92	Amina	29.67 ± 4.45
98,054–40-2-8	31.83 ± 4.77	98,080-1-3-7	29.02 ± 4.35
m97015-11-4-7	30.92 ± 4.64	D95009-13-5	28.67 ± 4.30
s91-2	29.87 ± 4.48	98,054–40-2-8	28.37 ± 4.26
m0298-4-6	28.86 ± 4.33	98,076–15-3-1	27.82 ± 4.17
98,080-1-3-7	28.62 ± 4.29	Heiya-16	26.37 ± 3.96
S8	28.19 ± 4.23	s397-1	25.68 ± 3.85
Heiya-16	27.45 ± 4.12	S8	24.16 ± 3.62
98,057–26-3	26.73 ± 4.01	m0298-4-6	23.98 ± 3.60
98,076–15-3-1	25.71 ± 3.86	s91-2	23.67 ± 3.55
s397-1	24.59 ± 3.69	98,057–26-3	22.64 ± 3.41
92,199–13-10	23.51 ± 3.53	90,018-3-1-28	21.45 ± 3.22
D95010-10	22.36 ± 3.35	92,199–13-10	20.76 ± 3.11
90,018-3-1-28	21.46 ± 3.22	D95010-10	19.85 ± 2.98
03134–3	20.69 ± 3.10	98,019–10-29	19.57 ± 2.94
98,019–10-29	20.47 ± 3.07	03134–3	18.19 ± 2.73
Yuan-2012-302	19.67 ± 2.95	m97020	17.93 ± 2.69
m97020	18.39 ± 2.76	Heiya-20	16.82 ± 2.51
Heiya-20	17.62 ± 3.27	Yuan-2012-302	16.13 ± 2.42

short-legendFigure 1.

short-legendFigure 2.

Table 6. The correlation between potassium utilization efficiency and agronomic and yield traits of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Treatments	Plant height	Technical length	Fiber content	Fiber yield	Stem yield	Seed yield
K0	0.511**	0.480**	0.404*	0.427**	0.387*	0.443**
K50	0.416**	0.497**	0.341*	0.383**	0.362*	0.428**

Pearson’s correlation test was used for the correlation analysis and r value was shown. *, p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.

Table 7. Partial factor productivity of 50 germplazms of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Germplazms	Partial factor productivity (kg/kg)	Germplazms	Partial factor productivity (kg/kg)
Sofie	76.1 ± 7.1	Heiya-16	59.8 ± 7.8
92,104-9-3	74.4 ± 9.3	Yuan-2012-306	59.8 ± 6.3
y0332-1	73.0 ± 6.2	Diane	59.5 ± 5.8
D93005-15-3	72.8 ± 10.2	98,019–10-29	58.7 ± 4.5
98,019–10	72.6 ± 8.9	s91-2	58.3 ± 5.0
D95027-22-8-2	72.6 ± 9.5	97,175–75-9	57.5 ± 4.1
92,068–20	71.2 ± 6.1	m97020	57.3 ± 3.5
98,076–15-19	71.0 ± 5.2	D97021-5	56.8 ± 2.9
98,019-1-6	68.5 ± 4.8	s397-1	56.4 ± 3.2
H98003	67.6 ± 6.4	Agatha	56.3 ± 2.8
D97021-10	67.0 ± 5.1	98,076–15-3-1	55.9 ± 4.5
Heiya-14	66.9 ± 3.7	M8711-8	55.7 ± 5.1
Yuan-2012-295	65.9 ± 3.9	92,199–13-10	54.7 ± 3.9
98,080-1-3-7	65.7 ± 6.3	90,018-3-1-28	54.0 ± 4.1
S7	64.9 ± 5.0	90,018-6-3-41	54.0 ± 2.4
03150–7	64.8 ± 4.8	Amina	53.5 ± 3.8
m97015-11-4-7	63.9 ± 5.5	S8	52.9 ± 4.0
m0298-4-6	63.6 ± 4.9	D95010-10	52.8 ± 3.5
98,031–12-6-6	62.7 ± 4.4	D95009-13-5	48.9 ± 5.8
98,057–26-3	61.2 ± 7.0	03134–3	48.6 ± 3.6
98,054–40-2-8	60.8 ± 6.5	D95027-9-3-1	48.6 ± 2.7
D92025-16-9	60.8 ± 7.3	s150-5	48.1 ± 5.4
Heiya-20	60.6 ± 5.9	Yuan-2012-302	47.3 ± 3.1
98,010–23	60.4 ± 5.3	90,018–13-9-10	45.8 ± 2.7
D97021-2	60.2 ± 3.2	90,018-6-3-15	45.5 ± 4.3