Suppressive and promotive effects of rice bran on germination of Monochoria vaginalis in organic rice (Oryza sativa L.) production

Figures & data

Figure 1. Changes in substances in flooded soil with the application of organic material during the proceeding of soil reduction.

Microorganisms such as Fe(III)- and SO₄^2–-reducing bacteria implement the electron transfer.

Figure 2. Monochoria vaginalis on field (left) and its overview (right).

The left and right pictures were reprinted from Nozoe et al. (2018) and Tazawa et al. (2021), respectively.

Figure 3. Differences in the germination of Monochoria vaginalis in soil solution with and without the addition of fresh rice bran.

The incubation period for the determination of germination was 3 days. Error bars indicate standard deviation (n = 5). Means accompanied by the different letters are significantly different according to Tukey’s test (P < 0.05). The figure was transcribed with modification from Nozoe et al. (2018).

Figure 4. Effects of the scarcely decomposable components of rice bran on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis.

Soil samples were obtained after the incubation of flooded original soils with fresh rice bran, followed by air-drying. The incubation period for the determination of germination was 4 days. The figure was transcribed from Nozoe et al. (2021a).

Figure 5. Effects of the addition of fresh rice bran on the decrease in germination of Monochoria vaginalis.

Characters shown in each upper left denotes the name of soil. The incubation period for the determination of germination was 2 days. The figure was transcribed with modification from Nozoe et al. (2021a).

Figure 6. Relationship between germination of Monochoria vaginalis and integrated DO.

Integrated DO designates the accumulated dissolved oxygen in solution during the 4 days period of incubation. DW denotes distilled water. The figures were transcribed from Nozoe et al. (2018).

Figure 7. Changes in EC and SSVW with and without the application of rice bran.

SSVW denotes the settled soil volume in water. The figure was transcribed from Nozoe et al. (2021b).

Nozoe, T., J. Tazawa, A. Uchino, and S. Miura. 2018. “Promotive Effect of Soil Solution on Germination of Monochoria Vaginalis under Paddy Conditions.” Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 64 (3): 396–405. doi:10.1080/00380768.2018.1433957.

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Tazawa, J., D. Aoki, H. Hayakawa, K. I. Matsushima, T. Nozoe, A. Uchino, and S. Miura. 2021. “Suppressive Activity of Volatile Fatty Acids and Aromatic Carboxylic Acids on the Germination of Monochoria Vaginalis.” Plant Production Science 24 (4): 505–511. doi:10.1080/1343943X.2021.1896953.

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Nozoe, T., S. Miura, J. Tazawa, A. Uchino, and Y. Usui. 2021a. “Factors Destabilizing the Control of Monochoria Vaginalis by Rice Bran: Its Conflicting Powers Influence Both Suppression and Promotion of Germination in Paddy Soil.” Plant Production Science 24 (1): 83–93. doi:10.1080/1343943X.2020.1794916.

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Nozoe, T., J. Tazawa, A. Uchino, and S. Miura. 2021b. “Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil with the Application of Rice Bran in Relation to the Growth Suppression of Monochoria Vaginalis.” Abstracts of the 251st Meeting of the Crop Science Society of Japan (CSSJ) Kyoto, Japan, p. 129. doi:10.14829/jcsproc.251.0_129.

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