Abstract
Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized in high yields by a condensation reaction between arylmethylidenemalononitrile and barbituric acid using room‐temperature ionic liquids such as 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm]BF4) or 1‐butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([BPy]BF4) as solvents under neutral conditions.