Bourdieusian and resource-based perspectives on ethnic minority microbusinesses: The construction of a culture-induced entrepreneurship model

Figures & data

Video Abstract

Read the transcript

Watch the video on Vimeo

© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Figure 1. Private sector businesses in the UK in 2022 by size (Hutton, 2022). Reprinted with permission.

Figure 2. Demographic breakdown of the sample (N = 43).

Table 1. Profile of participants.

No.	Name	Gender	Age	Place of Birth	Generation	Ethnicity	Religion	Education	Role	Age of Business
1	Adil	Male	21–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	4
2	Akhtar	Male	31–40	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	10
3	Ali	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	3
4	Ameen	Male	41–50	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Founder	7
5	Amjad	Male	41–50	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Employee Manager	47
6	Arif	Male	18–30	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	2
7	Aslam	Male	41–50	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Employee Manager	47
8	Aziz	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	1
9	Azmat	Male	41–50	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Founder	2
10	Babar	Male	31–40	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Employee Manager	47
11	Basit	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	3
12	Didar	Male	41–50	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	8
13	Hamid	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Postgraduate	Employee Manager	8
14	Hasan	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	8
15	Irem	Female	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Indian	Muslim	Degree	Employee Manager	17
16	Jafar	Male	50+	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	25
17	Jamal	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	9
18	Jasvinder	Male	50+	South Asia	Immigrant	Jesvinder	Sikh	GCSE	Founder	46
19	Khalida	Female	41–50	UK	Second	Indian	Muslim	GCSE	Owner	47
20	Kuldeep	Male	31–40	UK	Second	Indian	Sikh	Degree	Owner	34
21	Kumar	Male	18–30	South Asia	Immigrant	Indian	Hindu	Postgraduate	Employee Manager	18
22	Mani	Male	50+	South Asia	Immigrant	Indian	Sikh	Degree	Founder	1
23	Mansoor	Male	18–30	UK	Third	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Owner	15
24	Mubashar	Male	41–50	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Owner	13
25	Mukhtar	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Employee Manager	28
26	Musa	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	7
27	Nasreen	Female	18–30	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Owner	1
28	Qamar	Male	31–40	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Owner	33
29	Rajab	Male	50+	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Founder	12
30	Ravinder	Male	41–50	South Asia	Immigrant	Indian	Sikh	GCSE	Founder	35
31	Rubi	Female	18–30	UK	Third	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Owner	10
32	Rukhsana	Female	50+	Africa	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	38
33	Saima	Female	18–30	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Employee Manager	3
34	Shahid	Male	18–30	UK	Third	Indian	Muslim	Degree	Owner	47
35	Shakoor	Male	41–50	UK	Second	Indian	Muslim	Postgraduate	Owner	47
36	Shazia	Female	41–50	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Postgraduate	Founder	1
37	Tariq	Male	41–50	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Founder	3
38	Tasleem	Female	18–30	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Employee Manager	5
39	Umar	Male	31–40	UK	Third	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Founder	2
40	Usman	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	5
41	Zahid	Male	31–40	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	GCSE	Employee Manager	8
42	Zubair	Male	50+	South Asia	Immigrant	Pakistani	Muslim	Below GCSE	Founder	22
43	Zubia	Female	18–30	UK	Second	Pakistani	Muslim	Degree	Employee Manager	2

Figure 3. Thematic coding and a culture-induced entrepreneurship model (CIEM) EM = employee-manager, OM = owner-manager.

Hutton, G. (2022). Business statistics (No. 06152). House of Commons Library. Retrieved December 10, 2022, from https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06152/SN06152.pdf

 Google Scholar