Notes
1 John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson, “The Imperialism of Free Trade,” The Economic History Review 6, no. 1 (1953), pp. 1–15.
2 David Todd, “A French Imperial Meridian, 1814–1870,” Past & Present, no. 210 (2011), pp. 155–86.
3 See, for example: Jennifer E. Session, By Sword and Plow: France and the Conquest of Algeria, 1st ed. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2011); Benjamin Claude Brower, A Desert Named Peace: The Violence of France’s Empire in the Algerian Sahara, 1844–1902, (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009).
4 Erika Pani, Para Mexicanizar el Segundo Imperio: El imaginario político de los imperialistas, 1st ed. (Mexico City: El Colegio de Mexico, 2001).
5 Gaël Sánchez Cano and Miquel de la Rosa Lorente, “Immaterial Empires: France and Spain in the Americas, 1860s and 1920s,” European History Quarterly 50, no. 3 (2020), pp. 393–411.
6 P. J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: 1688–2015, 3rd ed. (London: Routledge, 2016).
7 Denis Cogneau, Un empire bon marché: Histoire et économie politique de la colonisation française, XIXe–XXIe siècle (Histoire Eco-Histoires. Paris: Seuil, 2023), pp. 363–364.
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Noah Glaser
Noah Glaser studies the economics of imperialism, with a focus on French and Mexican history. He earned his PhD in History at the University of Illinois at Chicago, defending his thesis, “The Age of Regeneration: Capitalism and the French Intervention in Mexico (1861-1867),” in 2022. He works at a legal aid nonprofit in Chicago. [email protected].